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DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-813147
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Indirekte MR-Phlebografie: Kontrastmittelprotokolle, Nachverarbeitung und Kombination mit Lungenemboliediagnostik in der MRT
Indirect MR Venography: Contrast Medium Protocols, Postprocessing and Combination in Diagnosing Pulmonary Emboli with MRIPublication History
Publication Date:
06 July 2004 (online)
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Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Integration der MR-Phlebografie in ein umfassendes Konzept der MRT-Diagnostik bei Verdacht auf Lungenembolie (LE). Untersuchung des Einflusses von Kontrastmittelmenge, -bolusform und Verzögerungszeit sowie der Nachverarbeitung auf die diagnostische Qualität von MR-Phlebografien. Material und Methode: Bei 48 konsekutiven stationären Patienten mit Verdacht auf Beinvenenthrombose (TVT) oder LE wurde eine MR-Phlebografie nach einem der folgenden Protokolle durchgeführt: I. nur MR-Phlebografie; Einmalgabe von 0,25 mmol/kg/Körpergewicht (KG) Gadopentat-Dimeglumin (Gd-DTPA), zeitlich auf Kontrastierung der Beinvenen abgestimmt. II. MR-Angiografie der Pulmonalarterien und MR-Phlebografie; zunächst MRT der Lungengefäße mit insgesamt 0,25 mmol/kg/KG Gd-DTPA, danach Umbau zur MR-Phlebografie. III. wie Protokoll II; MR-Angiografie der Pulmonalarterien mit 0,125 mmol/kg/KG Gd-DTPA, danach MR-Phlebografie. Bewertet wurden Signal-zu-Rausch-Verhältnis, Kontrast-zu-Rausch-Verhältnis, die Zahl auswertbarer Gefäßsegmente und die Bildqualität. Referenz war eine konventionelle beiderseitige Phlebografie. Ergebnisse: Alle MR-Phlebografien erreichten diagnostische Qualität bei unter 10 min Untersuchungsdauer. Die MR-Phlebografie war häufiger durchführbar (48/48 vs. 43/48) und bildete das Beinvenensystem vollständiger ab als die konventionelle Phlebografie (94 % der untersuchten Gefäßsegmente vs. 83 % bei konventioneller Phlebografie). Die Sensitivität zur Diagnose der TVT betrug 100 % und die Spezifität 92 %. Signifikante Unterschiede bestanden zwischen Protokollen mit 0,125 mmol/kg (III) und 0,25 mmol/kg (I und II) Kontrastmitteldosis, während ein genaueres Timing des Kontrastmittelbolus (I vs. II) die Untersuchungsqualität nicht verbesserte. Schlussfolgerung: Die Diagnostik an Pulmonalarterien und tiefen Beinvenen bei V. a. LE kann in der MRT problemlos in einem Untersuchungsgang kombiniert werden. Mit einer Kontrastmitteldosis von 0,25 mmol/kg/KG liefert die MR-Phlebografie zuverlässige Ergebnisse und bildet das Venensystem bei mindestens gleicher diagnostischer Sicherheit vollständiger als die konventionelle Phlebografie ab.
Abstract
Purpose: Integration of MR venography in a comprehensive MR imaging protocol in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) and evaluation of contrast media dosage, timing and postprocessing for diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight consecutive inpatients with suspected PE or deep vein thrombosis were examined by MR venography according to one of the following protocols: protocol I: MR venography only, 0.25 mmol/kg body weight (BW) Gadopentate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) as single dose, bolus timing; protocol II: MR angiography of pulmonary arteries with a cumulative dosage of 0.25 mmol/kg contrast media, modification of coil setting for MR venography without further contrast media application; protocol III: as protocol II but with 0.125 mmol/kg BW, followed by MR venography. Signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, number of definable vascular segments and image quality were evaluated. The results were compared to conventional bilateral venography. Results: All MR venography examinations were of diagnostic quality and the examination time was below 10 min. MR venography could be performed in all 48 patients compared to 43 of 48 patients for conventional venography. Significantly more superficial and deep veins of the leg could be visualized by MR venography (94 % compared to 83 % for conventional venography). Sensitivity and specificity were 100 % and 92 %, respectively. Quality differed significantly between 0.125 mmol/kg (protocol III) and 0.25 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA (protocols I and II) while timing did not influence quality (protocol I vs. II). Conclusion: An integrated MR diagnostic evaluation of pulmonary arteries and veins of the leg is feasible in patients with suspected PE. MR venography with 0.25 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA reliably depicts the venous system of the leg more completely than conventional venography with at least equivalent diagnostic confidence.
Key words
Magnetic resonance (MR) - vascular studies - venography - veins - extremities - contrast enhancement - embolism - pulmonary
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Dr. Alexander Kluge
Diagnostische Radiologie, Kerckhoff-Klinik
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