Blue Light Delays Commitment to Cell Division in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Abstract

In this study, we describe the effect of red and blue light on the timing of commitment to cell division in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The time point and cell size after which cells can complete their cell cycle with one division round were determined for cultures that were exposed to various red and blue light periods. We show that the commitment point of cells grown in blue light is shifted to a later time point and a larger cell size, when compared with cells grown in red light. This shift was reduced when cultures were exposed to shorter blue light periods. Furthermore, this shift occurred only when exposure to blue light started before the cells attained a particular size. We conclude that the critical cell size for cell division, which is the cell size at which commitment to cell division is attained, is dependent on spectral composition.

Blue light - cell cycle - cell volume - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - commitment point - red light

References

• 1 Conlon I., Raff M.. Size control in animal development.  Cell. (1999);  96 235-244
• 2 Craigie R. A., Cavalier-Smith T.. Cell volume and control of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle.  Journal of Cell Science. (1982);  54 173-191
• 3 Coleman A. W.. The nuclear cell cycle in Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyceae).  Journal of Phycology. (1982);  18 192-195
• 4 Donnan L., John P. C. L.. Cell cycle control by timer and sizer in Chlamydomonas. .  Nature. (1983);  304 630-633
• 5 Francis D.. Cell size and organ development in higher plants. Francis, D., Dudits, D., and Inzé, D., eds Plant Cell Division. London; Portland Press Ltd. (1998): 187-206
• 6 Gorman D. S., Levine R. P.. Cytochrome f and plastocyanin: their sequence in the photosynthetic electron transport chain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. .  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA. (1965);  54 1665-1669
• 7 Gutierrez C., Ramirez-Parra E., Castellano M. M., del Pozo J. C.. G1 to S transition: more than a cell cycle engine switch.  Current Opinion in Plant Biology. (2002);  5 480-486
• 8 Harper J. D. I., John P. C. L.. Coordination of division events in the Chlamydomonas cell cycle.  Protoplasma. (1986);  131 118-130
• 9 Lien T., Knutsen G.. Synchronous growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae): a review of optimal conditions.  Journal of Phycology. (1979);  15 191-200
• 10 Neufeld T. P., Edgar B. A.. Connections between growth and the cell cycle.  Current Opinion in Cell Biology. (1998);  10 784-790
• 11 Nigg E. A.. Cyclin-dependent protein kinases: key regulators of the eukaryotic cell cycle.  Bioessays. (1995);  17 471-480
• 12 Nurse P.. Genetic control of cell size at cell division in yeast.  Nature. (1975);  256 547-551
• 13 Mironov V., de Veylder L., van Montagu M., Inzé D.. Cyclin-dependent kinases and cell division in plants - the nexus.  Plant Cell. (1999);  11 509-529
• 14 Mitchison J. M., Novak B., Sveiczer A.. Size control in the cell cycle.  Cell Biology International. (1997);  21 461-463
• 15 Münzner P., Voigt J.. Blue light regulation of cell division in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. .  Plant Physiology. (1992);  99 1370-1375
• 16 Oldenhof H., Bišová K., van den Ende H., Zachleder V.. Effect of red and blue light on the timing of cyclin-dependent kinase activity and cell division in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. .  Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. (2004);  42 341-348
• 17 Parker L. L., Walter S. A., Young P. G., Piwnica-Worms H.. Phosphorylation and inactivation of the mitotic inhibitor wee1 by the nim1/cdr1 kinase.  Nature. (1993);  363 736-738
• 18 Polymenis M., Schmidt E. V.. Coordination of cell growth with cell division.  Current Opinion in Genetics and Development. (1999);  9 76-80
• 19 Rupeš I.. Checking cell size in yeast.  Trends in Genetics. (2002);  9 479-485
• 22 Seiczer A., Novak B., Mitchison J. M.. The size control of yeast revisited.  Journal of Cell Science. (1996);  109 2947-2957
• 20 Spudich J. L., Sager R.. Regulation of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle by light and dark.  Journal of Cell Biology. (1980);  85 136-145
• 21 Sueoka N.. Mitotic replication of deoxyribonucleic acid in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. .  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA. (1960);  46 83-91
• 23 Zachleder V., van den Ende H.. Cell cycle events in the green alga Chlamydomonas eugametos and their control by environmental factors.  Journal of Cell Science. (1992);  102 469-474
• 24 Umen J. G., Goodenough U.. Control of cell division by a retinoblastoma protein homolog in Chlamydomonas. .  Genes and Development. (2001);  15 1652-1661
• 25 Weinberg R. A.. The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control.  Cell. (1995);  81 323-330
• 26 Zetterberg A., Larsson O., Wiman K. G.. What is the restriction point?.  Current Opinion in Cell Biology. (1995);  7 835-842

Editor: J. T. M. Elzenga