Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Laparoskopische Operationsverfahren kommen in den letzten Jahren immer häufiger bei gutartigen Erkrankungen wie dem Morbus Crohn zur Anwendung. Im Folgenden berichten wir über Frühergebnisse laparoskopischer Operationen bei Morbus Crohn an unserer Klinik.
Patienten und Methode: Im Zeitraum von 1994-2003 wurden 54 Patienten (20 männlich und 34 weiblich) laparoskopisch bei bekanntem Morbus Crohn am Kolon oder Ileum operiert. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 32 Jahre bei einer Spannweite von 16 bis 55 Jahren.
Ergebnisse: Bei 6 Patienten (11,1 %) sind Komplikationen aufgetreten. 3 Patienten mussten laparotomiert werden. Ein Patient wurde wegen eines Hämatoms CT-gesteuert punktiert. Die übrigen Patienten wurden erfolgreich konservativ behandelt. Kein Patient ist im perioperativen Verlauf verstorben. Die durchschnittliche Operationsdauer betrug 152 Minuten (Spannweite 35-360 Minuten) und der mittlere postoperative Krankenhausaufenthalt lag bei 10 Tagen (Spannweite 6-35 Tage). Durchschnittlich wurden pro Operation 0,2 Erythrozytenkonzentrate (Spannweite 0-6) verbraucht. Die Patienten benötigten im Schnitt am 5. postoperativen Tag keine Schmerzmittel mehr (Spannweite 1-13 Tage), erhielten durchschnittlich am 2. postoperativen Tag flüssige (Spannweite 0-6 Tage) und im Mittel am 3. postoperativen Tag feste Kost (Spannweite 1-14 Tage).
Diskussion: Die laparoskopische Chirurgie bei Morbus Crohn stellt in den Händen erfahrener Operateure ein sicheres Verfahren dar. Ein eindeutig belegbarer Vorteil der Laparoskopie im Vergleich zu konventionellen Verfahren ist das bessere kosmetische Ergebnis, während die längere Operationsdauer der Hauptnachteil ist. Die Komplikationsraten im Kurzzeitverlauf sind gering.
Abstract
Introduction: During the last years laparoscopic surgical procedures are used more frequently in benign bowel diseases like Crohn's disease. We are reporting early results of laparoscopic procedures in Crohn's disease at our hospital.
Patients and method: From 1994 to 2003 54 patients (20 male and 34 female) underwent laparoscopic colonic and small bowel surgery in Crohn's disease. The mean age was 32 years (range: 16 to 55 years).
Results: Complications occurred in 6 patients (11.1 %). 3 patients needed a laparotomy. One computed tomography puncture was performed due to a hematoma. The remaining patients are treated successfully non-operatively. No patient died during the perioperative period. The mean operating time was 152 minutes (range 35 to 360 minutes) and the mean postoperative stay in hospital was 10 days (range 6-35 days). 0.2 blood cell concentrates were needed per operation (range 0 to 6), on average. The patients needed no analgesics after the 5th day (range 1 to 13 days), got liquid diet on the 2nd (range 0 to 6 days) and solid diet on the 3rd day after surgery (range 1 to 14 days).
Discussion: Laparoscopic surgery in CrohnŽs disease is safe when performed by an experienced surgeon. The laparoscopic procedure results in a better cosmetic result, while the longer operating time is the mean disadvantage. There are low complication rates during the early postoperative period.
Schlüsselwörter
Morbus Crohn - entzündliche Darmerkrankung - Ileozökalresektion - Ileostoma - laparoskopische Resektion
Key words
Crohn's disease - inflammatory bowel disease - ileocolic resection - ileostomy - laparoscopic resection
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Dr. med. F. Fischer
Klinik für Chirurgie · Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein · Campus Lübeck
Ratzeburger Allee 160
23538 Lübeck
Phone: 04 51/5 00 20 01
Fax: 04 51/5 00 20 69
Email: Fischer_F@web.de