Endoscopy 2004; 36(8): 700-704
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825662
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Persistence of Gastrocutaneous Fistula after Removal of Gastrostomy Tubes in Children: Prevalence and Associated Factors

N.  El-Rifai1 , L.  Michaud1 , K.  Mention1 , D.  Guimber1 , D.  Caldari1 , D.  Turck1 , F.  Gottrand1
  • 1 Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Lille University Children’s Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
Further Information

Publication History

Submitted 4 November 2003

Accepted after Revision 16 March 2004

Publication Date:
28 July 2004 (online)

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Background and Study Aims: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of gastrocutaneous fistula after removal of gastrostomy tubes in children and to identify associated risk factors.
Patients and Methods: The records of children who had undergone removal of gastrostomy tubes between January 1992 and December 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. Persistent gastrocutaneous fistula was defined as the absence of closure of the gastrostomy 1 month after tube removal. Factors that might influence spontaneous closure of the gastrostomy were studied, including age, underlying disease, nutritional status, type of gastrostomy, replacement of the gastrostomy tube by a button, abdominal wall thickness, duration of gastrostomy tube or button placement, and complications related to the presence of the gastrostomy (infection, granulation tissue).
Results: A total of 44 patients were included in the study (mean age 20 months, range 1 day to 14 years). Of these, 28 had undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and 16 surgical gastrostomy. The mean time to spontaneous closure was 6 ± 7 days. Persistent gastrocutaneous fistula developed in 11 patients (25 %) and in seven of these patients this required surgical closure (16 %). The mean duration of gastrostomy placement was significantly longer in patients who went on to develop a gastrocutaneous fistula than in patients who did not develop a fistula (39 ± 19 months vs. 22 ± 23 months, respectively, P < 0.03). No other significant association was found between the time required for spontaneous closure and the characteristics of patients or the type of gastrostomy.
Conclusions: Persistent gastrocutaneous fistula is common after removal of gastrostomy tubes in children. Surgical closure should be considered when a gastrostomy has not closed spontaneously 1 month after removal of the gastrostomy tube.