Influence of Chronically Altered Thyroid Status on the Activity of Liver Mitochondrial Glycerol-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase in Female Inbred Lewis Rats

H. Rauchová; G. Zacharová; T. Soukup

doi:10.1055/s-2004-825664

Subscribe to RSS

Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.

https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00000025.xml

Share / Bookmark

Facebook Linkedin Weibo

Download PDF

Horm Metab Res 2004; 36(5): 286-290
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825664

Original Clinical

Influence of Chronically Altered Thyroid Status on the Activity of Liver Mitochondrial Glycerol-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase in Female Inbred Lewis Rats

H. Rauchová^1, ² , G. Zacharová¹ , T. Soukup¹

¹Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
²Centre for Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Prague, Czech Republic

Further Information

Publication History

Received 22 July 2003

Accepted after Revision 2 December 2003

Publication Date:
24 May 2004 (online)

Also available at

Abstract
Full Text
References

Buy Article Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The activity of liver mitochondrial flavoprotein-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) is considered a reliable marker of thyroid status in acute and short-lasting experiments. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether GPDH activity could also be used as an index of thyroid status during chronic experiments over several months. We therefore analyzed GPDH activity in liver mitochondria of female inbred Lewis rats with thyroid status altered for 2 to 12 months. Hyperthyroid state was maintained by triiodothyronine (T₃) or thyroxine (T₄) administration, while methimazole was employed for inducing hypothyroidism. We found a seven- and three-fold increase of GPDH activity in female rats after T₃ or T₄ administration, respectively, compared to euthyroid females (8.9 ± 2.3 nmol/min/mg protein), whereas administration of methimazole reduced the enzyme activity almost to one-third of the euthyroid values. These changes were not significantly influenced by the duration of hyperthyroid or hypothyroid treatment. We conclude that the level of the rat liver GPDH activity could serve as a useful marker for evaluation of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid status in chronic long-lasting experiments on female inbred Lewis rats.

Key words

Hypothyroidism - Hyperthyroidism - Thyroid hormones - Body weight - Organ weights

References

1 Gong D W, Bi S, Weintraub B D, Reitman M. Rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene: multiple promoters, high levels in brown adipose tissue, and tissue-specific regulation by thyroid hormone. DNA Cell Biol. 1998; 17 301-309

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
2 Rauchová H, Battino M, Fato R, Lenaz G, Drahota Z. Coenzyme Q-pool function in glycerol-3-phosphate oxidation in hamster brown adipose tissue mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 1992; 24 235-241

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
3 Lee Y P, Lardy H A. Influence of thyroid hormones on L-α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases and other dehydrogenases in various organs of the rat. J Biol Chem. 1965; 240 1427-1436

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
4 Dümmler K, Müller S, Seitz H J. Regulation of adenine nucleotide translocase and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression by thyroid hormones in different rat tissues. Biochem J. 1996; 317 913-918

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
5 Taylor V J, Ragan C I. The induction of mitochondrial L-3-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase by thyroid hormone. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986; 851 49-56

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
6 Dey S S, Medda A K. Effect of triiodothyronine and thyroxine on mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity and mitochondrial protein content of liver, muscle and brain of toad, Bufo melanostictus. Horm Metab Res. 1990; 22 418-422

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
7 Sellinger O Z, Lee K L, Fesler K W. The induction of mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase by thyroid hormone: effects of adrenalectomy, thyroidectomy and cortisone administration. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966; 124 289-294

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
8 Costante G, Grupi D, Catalfamo R, Trimarchi F. Stimulation of liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity by L-thyroxine in thyroidectomized rats: comparison with the suppression of pituitary TSH secretion. J Endocrinol Invest. 1990; 13 61-64

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
9 Müller S, Seitz H J. Cloning of a cDNA for the FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from rat liver and its regulation by thyroid hormones. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994; 91 10 582-10 585

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
10 Lanni A, Cimmino M, Moreno M, Delli Gatti A, Ginestra A, Goglia F. Relationship between dose, mode of administration and effects of triiodothyronine on two hepatic responsive enzymes. Horm Metab Res. 1995; 27 314-317

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
11 Lotková H, Rauchová H, Drahota Z. Activation of mitochondrial glycerophosphate cytochrome c reductase in regenerating rat liver by triiodothyronine. Physiol Res. 2001; 50 333-336

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
12 Wilson E J, McMurray W C. Regulation of malic enzyme and mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase by thyroid hormones, insulin, and glucocorticoids in cultured hepatocytes. J Biol Chem. 1981; 256 11 657-11 662

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
13 Pellizas C G, Coleoni A H, Cabanillas A M, Masini-Repiso A M, Castamagna M E. Response of triiodothyronine-dependent enzyme activities to insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone in cultured rat hepatocytes. Eur J Endocrinol. 1996; 134 215-220

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
14 Kneer N, Lardy H. Thyroid hormone and dehydroepiandrosterone permit gluconeogenic hormone responses in hepatocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000; 375 145-153

Crossref PubMed Search in Google Scholar
15 Okamura K, Taurog A, Krulich L. Hypothyroidism in several iodine-deficient rats. Endocrinology. 1981; 109 464-468

Crossref PubMed Search in Google Scholar
16 Coleoni A H, Cherubini O. Sex-related differences in the activity of liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in the rat. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Latinoam. 1989; 39 245-253

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
17 Soukup T, Jirmanová I. Regulation of myosin expression in developing and regenerating extrafusal and intrafusal muscle fibres with special emphasis on the role of thyroid hormones. Physiol Res. 2000; 49 617-633

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
18 Zacharˇová G, Mrácˇková K, Jirmanová I, Soukup T. Stereological evaluation of the soleus muscle isografted into fast extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle in rats with different thyroid status. Gen Physiol Biophys. 1999; 18 (Suppl.1) 84-86

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
19 Soukup T, Zacharˇová G, Smerdu V. Fibre type composition of soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles in normal female inbred Lewis rats. Acta Histochem. 2002; 104 399-405

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
20 Jirmanová I, Soukup T. Critical period in muscle spindle regeneration in grafts of developing rat muscles. Anat Embryol. 1995; 192 283-291

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
21 Johnson D, Lardy H. Isolation of liver or kidney mitochondria. In: Estabrook RW, Pullman ME (eds) Methods in Enzymology 10, Oxidation and Phosphorylation. New York, London; Academic Press 1967: 94-96

Search in Google Scholar
22 Lowry O H, Rosebrough J N, Farr A L, Randall R J. Protein measurement with the Folin-phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951; 193 265-275

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
23 Sottocasa G L, Kuylenstierna B, Ernster L, Bergstrand A. An electron-transport system associated with the outer membrane of liver mitochondria. J Cell Biol. 1967; 32 415-438

Crossref PubMed Search in Google Scholar
24 Rauchová H, Kalous M, Drahota Z. The effect of phospholipase A₂ on mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate oxidation. Physiol Res. 1993; 42 319-322

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
25 Soukup T, Zacharˇová G, Smerdu V, Jirmanová I. Body, heart, thyroid gland and skeletal muscle weight changes in rats with altered thyroid status. Physiol Res. 2001; 50 619-626

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
26 Shapiro S, Percin C J. Thyroid hormone induction of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rats of different ages. Endocrinology. 1966; 79 1075-1078

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
27 Barletta A, Liverini G, Goglia F, Di Meo S, De Leo T. Thyroid state and mitochondrial population during maturation and ageing. J Endocrinol Invest. 1980; 3 293-296

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
28 Sawada K, Hummel B CW, Walfish P G. Age-related changes in rat hepatic and renal thyroid hormone-sensitive enzymes - different responses to acute and chronic L-triiodothyronine stimulation. Mech Ageing Dev. 1988; 42 229-237

Crossref PubMed Search in Google Scholar
29 Mooradian A D, Deebaj L, Wong N C. Age-related alterations in the response of hepatic lipogenic enzymes to altered thyroid states in the rat. J Endocrinol. 1991; 128 79-84

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
30 Schwartz H L, Forciea M A, Mariash C N, Oppenheimer J H. Age-related reduction in response of hepatic enzymes to 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine administration. Endocrinology. 1979; 105 41-46

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
31 Hansen R J, Jungermann K. Sex differences in the control of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Interaction of estrogen, testosterone and insulin in the regulation of enzyme levels in vivo and in cultured hepatocytes. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1987; 368 955-962

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
32 Pankiewicz A, Sledzinski T, Nogalska A, Swierczynski J. Tissue specific, sex and age-related differences in the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase gene expression. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2003; 35 235-245

Crossref PubMed Search in Google Scholar
33 Oppenheimer J H. Thyroid hormone action at the cellular level. Science. 1979; 203 971-979

PubMed Search in Google Scholar
34 Chin W W, Yen P M. Molecular mechanisms of nuclear thyroid hormone action. In: Braveman LE (ed) Contemporary Endocrinology: Diseases of the Thyroid. Totowa; Humana Press 1997: 1-15

Search in Google Scholar
35 Khawaja Y, Dobnig H, Shapiro E, Surks M I. Increase in hepatic mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity after surgical stress in hyperthyroid rats. Endocrinology. 1990; 127 387-393

PubMed Search in Google Scholar

Dr. T. Soukup

Institute of Physiology AS CR

Vídenská 1083 · 142 20 Prague · Czech Republic ·

Phone: +420(2)4106-2544

Fax: +420(2)4106-24 88

Email: tsoukup@biomed.cas.cz