Literatur
-
1 Kahlbaum K. Die klinisch-diagnostischen Gesichtspunkte der Psychopathologie. Sammlung klinischer Vorträge. Leipzig: Breitkopf u. Härtel 1878 126: 1127-1146
-
2
Weitbrecht H J.
Zyklothymie.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiat.
1949;
17
437-481
-
3
Brieger P, Marneros A.
Das Dysthymiekonzept: Aktuelles und Geschichtliches - Ein Überblick.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiat.
1995;
63
410-420
-
4 Huber G, Glatzel J, Lungershausen E. Über zyklothyme Residualsyndrome. In: Schulte W, Mende W (Hrsg.). Melancholie in Forschung, Klinik und Behandlung. Stuttgart: Thieme 1969: 42-46
-
5
Winokur G, Morrison J.
The Iowa 500: Follow-up of 225 depressives.
Br J Psychiatry.
1973;
123
543-548
-
6
Weissman M M, Klerman G L.
The chronic depressive in the community: Unrecognized and poorly treated.
Compr Psychiatry.
1977;
18
523-532
-
7
Akiskal H S, Bitar A H, Puzantian V R. et al .
The nosological status of neurotic depression.
Arch Gen Psychiatry.
1978;
35
757-766
-
8
Spitzer R L, Endicott J, Robins E.
Research Diagnostic Criterias. Rationale and reliability.
Arch Gen Psychiatry.
1978;
35
773-782
-
9 American Psychiatric Association .Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: ed 3 - DSM-III. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association 1980
-
10 American Psychiatric Association .Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: ed 3 - revised version (DSM-III-R). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association 1987
-
11 American Psychiatric Association .Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: ed 4 - DSM-IV. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association 1994
-
12 Dilling H, Mombour W, Schmidt H. Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. ICD-10, Kap. V (F). Klinisch-diagnostische Leitlinien. Bern: Huber 1991
-
13 Burton S W, Akiskal H S. Dysthymic disorder. London: Gaskell 1990
-
14 Akiskal H S. Towards a definition of dysthymia: boundaries with personality and mood disorders. In: Burton SW, Akiskal HS (eds.). Dysthymic disorder. London: Gaskell 1990: 1-12
-
15
Klein D N, Kocsis J H, McCullough I P. et al .
Symptomatology in dysthymic and major depressive disorder.
Psychiat Clin North Am.
1996;
19
41-53
-
16
Kovacs M, Akiskal H S, Gatsonis C. et al .
Childhood onset of dysthymic disorder: clinical features and prospective naturalistic outcome.
Arch Gen Psychiatry.
1994;
51
365-374
-
17
Flemming C F.
Über Classification der Seelenstörungen nebst einem Versuch derselben, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf gerichtliche Psychologie.
Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie und psychisch-gerichtliche Medizin.
1844;
4
34-41
-
18
Wittchen H U, Essau C A, Zerssen D von. et al .
Lifetime and six month prevalence of mental disorders in the Munich Follow-up Study.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci.
1992;
241
247-258
-
19
Weissman M M, Leaf P J, Bruce M L. et al .
The epidemiology of dysthymia in five communities: Rates, risks, comorbidity, and treatment.
Am J Psychiatry.
1988;
145
815-819
-
20
Keller M B, Lavori P W, Endicott J. et al .
“Double Depression”: two-year follow up.
Am J Psychiatry.
1983;
140
689-694
-
21
Angst J, Dobler-Mikola A.
The Zurich study - a prospective epidemiological study of depressive, neurotic and psychosomatic syndromes. IV. Recurrent and nonrecurrent brief depression.
Eur Arch Psychiat Neurol Sci.
1985;
234
408-416
-
22
Judd L L, Rapaport M H, Paulus M B. et al .
Subsyndromal Symptomatic Depression: a new mood disorder?.
J Clin Psychiatry.
1994;
55
18-28
-
23
Angst J.
The epidemiology of depressive disorders.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol.
1995;
5 (Suppl)
95-98
-
24 Wittchen H U, Zerssen D von. Verläufe behandelter und unbehandelter Depressionen und Angststörungen. Eine klinisch-psychiatrische und epidemiologische Verlaufsuntersuchung. Berlin: Springer 1988
-
25
Kessler R C, McGonagle K A, Zhao S. et al .
Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States.
Arch Gen Psychiatry.
1994;
51
8-19
-
26
Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges J. et al .
The risk of minor depression in family of probands with major depression: sex differences and familiality.
Eur Arch Psychiat Clin Neurosci.
1992;
242
89-92
-
27
Griffith J, Ravindran A V, Merali Z, Anisman H.
Dysthymia: a review of pharmacological and behavioral factors.
Molecular Psychiatry.
2000;
5
242-261
-
28
Angst J, Wicki W.
The Zurich study. XI. Is dysthymia a separate form of depression? Results of the Zurich cohort study.
Eur Arch Psychiat Clin Neurosci.
1991;
240
349-354
-
29
Bronisch T.
Dysthyme Störungen.
Nervenarzt.
1990;
61
133-139
-
30
Markowitz J C.
Psychotherapy of dysthymia.
Am J Psychiatry.
1994;
151
1114-1121
-
31
Keller M B, Shapiro P W.
“Double-depression”: Superimpositions of acute depressive episodes on chronic depressive disorders.
Am J Psychiatry.
1982;
139
438-442
-
32 Schmauß M, Messer T. Dysthymie. Epidemiologie, Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie. In: Laux G (Hrsg.). Depression 2000. Berlin: Springer 2002: 87-107
-
33
Wells K B, Burnam M A, Rogers W. et al .
The course of depression in adult outpatients. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study.
Arch Gen Psychiatry.
1992;
49
788-794
-
34 Keller M B, Sessa F M. Dysthymia: development and clinical course. In: Burton SW, Akiskal HS (eds.). Dysthymic Disorders. London: Gaskell 1990: 13-23
-
35
Wittchen H U, Knauper B, Kessler R C.
Lifetime risk of depression.
Br J Psychiatry.
1994;
26 (Suppl)
16-22
-
36
Howland R H.
Pharmacotherapy of dysthymia: a review. J.
Clin Psychopharmacology.
1991;
11
83-92
-
37
Kocsis J H, Friedman R A, Markowitz J C. et al .
Stability of remission during tricyclic antidepressant continuation therapy for dysthymia.
Psychopharmacol Bull.
1995;
31
213-216
-
38
Kocsis J H, Friedman R A, Markowitz J C. et al .
Maintenance therapy for chronic depression. A controlled clinical trial of desipramine.
Arch Gen Psychiatry.
1996;
53
769-774
-
39
Rush A J, Thase M E.
Strategies and tactics in the treatment of chronic depression.
J Clin Psychiatry.
1997;
58 (Suppl. 13)
14-22
-
40
De Lima M S, Hotoph M, Wessely S.
The efficacy of drug treatments for dysthymia: a systematic review and meta analysis.
Psychol Med.
1999;
29
1273-1289
-
41 Maurer J, Volz H P. Psychopharmakotherapie der Dysthymie. In: Möller HJ (Hrsg.). Therapie psychiatrischer Erkrankungen. Stuttgart: Thieme 2000: 786-792
-
42 De Jong-Meyer R. Verhaltenstherapie dysthymer Patienten. In: Möller HJ (Hrsg.). Therapie psychiatrischer Erkrankungen. Stuttgart: Thieme 2000: 792-804
-
43
Akiskal H S.
Dysthymic disorders: Psychopathology of proposed chronic depressive subtypes.
Am J Psychiatry.
1983;
140
11-20
-
44
Akiskal H S, Weise R E.
The clinical spectrum of so-called “minor” depressions.
Am J Psychother.
1992;
46
9-22
-
45
Angst J, Merikangas K R.
The depressive spectrum: diagnostic classification and course.
J Affect Disord.
1997;
45
31-39
-
46
Lewinsohn P M, Rohde P, Seeley J R. et al .
Comorbidity of unipolar depression: I. Major depression with dysthymia.
J Abnorm Psychol.
1991;
100
205-213
Prof. Dr. med. Max Schmauß
Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg
Dr.-Mack-Straße 1
86156 Augsburg
Email: m.schmauss@bkh-augsburg.de