Vermeidung von Medikationsfehlern durch elektronische Verordnungsunterstützung

Zusammenfassung

Trotz ärztlicher Kompetenz und Sorgfalt treten inadäquate Verordnungen auf. Erfahrungen in anderen Ländern zeigen, dass diese Medikationsfehler großteils vermeidbar sind, wenn ihre Ursachen nicht in persönlichem Verschulden, sondern in der Organisation des Medikationsprozesses gesucht werden. Die Einführung der elektronischen Gesundheitskarte in Deutschland 2006 soll elektronische Verordnungsunterstützung ermöglichen, um Medikationsfehler zu verhindern. Dass elektronische Verordnungsunterstützung bis zu 80 % der Medikationsfehler verhindern kann, zeigen internationale Studien. Was darunter zu verstehen ist, welche Funktionalität wichtig und welche Voraussetzungen gegeben sein müssen, wird dargestellt.

Abstract

Drug therapy has led to major advances in medicine. The beneficial effects of drug therapy are coupled with the inevitable risk of adverse drug reactions. Many adverse drug reactions are preventable. They result from the failure to disseminate knowledge about drugs to prescribers, insufficient knowledge of individual patient characteristics, e. g. on renal function and from noncompliance of the patient. The electronic health card that will be introduced in Germany starting 2006 is designed to support electronic decision support to prevent medication errors. Studies have demonstrated that CPOES can reduce medication errors by 80 %. Preconditions for and functions of electronic decision support in drug therapy are outlined.

Schlüsselwörter

Medikationsfehler - unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen - elektronische Verordnungsunterstützung - Gesundheitskarte

Key words

medication errors - iatrogenic disease - drug therapy - computer-assisted - decision-support systems

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