Zusammenfassung
Studienziel: Ziel der Studie war zum einen die Entwicklung eines neuen Scores zur Risikoabschätzung einer heterotopen Ossifikation (HO) nach Hüft-TEP, andererseits die Darstellung unserer Ergebnisse nach kombinierter Therapie der HO (chirurgische Resektion, Radiatio und medikamentöse Therapie). Methode: Von 1990 bis 2003 wurden 50 Patienten die wegen HO nach Hüft-TEP operiert wurden in einer Kohortenstudie untersucht. Alle Patienten wurden mit unserem neuen Risikoscore beurteilt, dann präoperativ, unmittelbar postoperativ und Langzeit postoperativ (im Schnitt 36 Monate nach OP) mit dem Score nach Merle d'Aubigné und dem Score nach Brooker sowie bezüglich der Durchführung der Bestrahlung, der Bestrahlungsdosis und der medikamentösen Therapie (Indometacin) untersucht. Es wurde geprüft, ob Prophylaxe stattgefunden hatte. Ergebnisse: Obwohl alle Patienten an einer HO litten, spiegelte sich dies nur unzureichend im Risikoscore wider. Nur bei 32 % der Patienten waren nach der TEP prophylaktische Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung einer HO ergriffen worden. Postoperativ verbesserten sich alle Patienten klinisch und radiologisch. 74 % der Patienten erhielten Strahlentherapie (im Mittel 5,8 Gy einmalig), 98 % der Patienten wurden im Mittel 42 Tage mit Indometacin behandelt. Der statistische Zusammenhang zwischen Strahlendosis und der Gabe von Indometacin zusätzlich zur chirurgischen Resektion und der Verbesserung im Verlauf war signifikant. Schlussfolgerung: Bei Patienten nach Hüft-TEP, die ein hohes HO-Risiko aufweisen ist eine abgestufte prophylaktische Behandlung sinnvoll. Bei bereits eingetretener HO ist die Dreifachtherapie (Resektion, Radiatio, Indometacin) die Methode der Wahl.
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was first the development of a new score for judging the risk of heterotopic ossification (HO) following total hip arthroplasty, second to show our results in 50 patients with HO after hip replacement and combined therapy (surgery, radiation and medicaments). Methods: Between 1990 and 2003, 50 patients with HO due to total hip replacement and need for surgery were followed up in a cohort study. All patients were classified in our new risk score; the patients were examined preoperatively, immediate after surgery and long-term postoperatively (36 months) using Merle d'Aubigné and Brooker's score. Results of radiation, medicaments and the fact, if prophylaxis was given bevor HO occurred was reviewed. Results: All patients suffered from HO after hip replacement; thus only few showed high risk in scoring. In only 32 % of patients prophylaxis had been taken to prevent HO. After surgery, all patients ameliorated in clinical and radiologic scoring. 74 % of our study population received radiation (∅ 5.8 gy single shot); 98 % were additively treated with indometacine. Correlation of radiation dose and indometacine medication with amelioration following surgery was statistically significant. Conclusion: In patients with high risk of HO after hip surgery, prophylaxis is a need. If HO occurs, only combined therapy (surgical resection, radiation and indometacine) can solve the situation.
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Dr. med. Thomas Einsiedel
Abteilung für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie Universitätsklinikum Ulm
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