Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-866916
Drogen und Nervensystem (Teil 1): Mechanismen der Abhängigkeit
Drugs and Nervous System (Part 1): Mechanisms of DependencyPublication History
Publication Date:
30 September 2005 (online)
Weiterbildungsziele In diesem Beitrag sollen folgende Weiterbildungsziele vermittelt werden: Kenntnis der Drogenklassen und der einzelnen wichtigsten Vertreter Kenntnis der grundlegenden Wirkungsmechanismen von Drogen Kenntnis der wichtigsten Interaktionsstellen der Drogen (Rezeptoren/Transporter) Entstehung von Abhängigkeit
Literatur
- 1 Botré F. Drugs of abuse and abuse of drugs in sportsmen: the role of in vitro models to study effects and mechanisms. Toxicol In Vitro. 2003; 17 509-513
- 2 Chiara G Di, Acquas E, Tanda G, Cadoni C. Drugs of abuse: biochemical surrogates of specific aspects of natural reward?. Biochem Soc Symp. 1993; 59 65-81
- 3 Neiman J, Haapaniemi H M, Hilborn M. Neurological complications of drug abuse: pathophysiological mechanisms. Eur J Neurol. 2000; 7 595-606
- 4 Kreek M J. Drug Addictions. Molecular and cellular endpoints. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001; 937 27-46
- 5 González M I, Robinson M B. Neurotransmitter transporters: why dance with so many partners?. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2004; 4 30-35
- 6 Kobayashi H, Suzuki T, Kamata R. et al . Recent progress in the neurotoxicology of natural drugs associated with dependence or addiction, their endogenous agonists and receptors. J Toxicol Sci. 1999; 24 1-16
- 7 Pert C B, Snyder S H. Opiate receptor: demonstration in nervous tissue. Science. 1973; 179 1011-1014
- 8 Devane W A, Dysarz 3rd F A, Johnson M R. et al . Determination and characterization of a cannabinoid receptor in rat brain. Mol Pharmacol. 1988; 34 605-613
- 9 Matsuda L A, Lolait S J, Brownstein M J. et al . Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of cloned DNA (cDNA). Nature. 1990; 346 561-564
- 10 Hughes J, Smith T W, Kosterlitz H W. et al . Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity. Nature. 1975; 258 577-580
- 11 Devane W A, Hanus L, Breuer A. et al . Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science. 1992; 258 1946-1949
- 12 Nutt D J. Addiction: brain mechanisms and their treatment implications. Lancet. 1996; 347 31-36
- 13 Nestler E J, Aghajanian G K. Molecular and cellular basis of addiction. Science. 1997; 278 58-63
- 14 Nestler E J. Molecular basis of long-term plasticity underlying addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001; 2 119-128
- 15 Wise R A. Neurobiology of addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1996; 6 243-251
- 16 Wise R A. Drug-activation of brain reward pathways. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998; 51 13-22
- 17 Koob G F, Ahmed S H, Boutrel B. et al . Neurobiological mechanisms in the transition from drug use to drug dependence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2004; 27 739-749
- 18 Amara S G, Sonders M S. Neurotransmitter transporters as molecular targets for addictive drugs. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998; 51 87-96
- 19 Rothman R B, Baumann M H. Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003; 479 23-40
- 20 Liu Y, Krantz D E, Waites C, Edwards R H. Membrane trafficking of neurotransmitter transporters in the regulation of synaptic transmission. Trends Cell Biol. 1999; 9 356-363
- 21 Laakso A, Mohn A R, Gainetdinov R R, Caron M G. Experimental genetic approaches to addiction. Neuron. 2002; 36 213-228
- 22 Betz C, Mihalic D, Pinto M E, Raffa R B. Could a common biochemical mechanism underlie addictions?. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2000; 25 11-20
- 23 Pulvirenti L, Diana M. Drug dependence as a disorder of neural plasticity: focus on dopamine and glutamate. Rev Neurosci. 2001; 12 141-158
- 24 Saal D, Dong Y, Bonci A, Malenka R C. Drugs of abuse and stress trigger a common synaptic adaptation in dopamine neurons. Neuron. 2003; 37 557-582
- 25 Nakamichi N, Yoneda Y. Transcription factors and drugs in the brain. Jpn J Pharmacol. 2002; 89 337-348
- 26 Lüscher C, Nicoll R A, Malenka R C, Muller D. Synaptic plasticity and dynamic modulation of the postsynaptic membrane. Nature Neurosci. 2000; 3 545-550
- 27 Winder D G, Egli R E, Schramm N L, Matthews R T. Synaptic plasticity in drug reward circuitry. Curr Mol Med. 2002; 2 667-676
- 28 Wolf M E. LTP may trigger addiction. Mol Intervent. 2003; 3 248-252
- 29 Harlan R E, Garcia M M. Drugs of abuse and immediate-early genes in the forebrain. Mol Neurobiol. 1998; 16 221-267
- 30 Kauer J A. Learning mechanisms in addiction: Synaptic plasticity in the ventral tegmental area as a result of exposure to drugs of abuse. Annu Rev Physiol. 2004; 66 447-475
- 31 Levitt P. Prenatal effects of drugs of abuse on brain development. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998; 51 109-125
- 32 Kosofsky B E, Hyman S E. No time for complacency: the fetal brain on drugs. J Comp Neurol. 2001; 435 259-262
- 33 Farber N B, Olney J W. Drugs of abuse that cause developing neurons to commit suicide. Dev Brain Res. 2003; 147 37-45
- 34 Greene C M, Goodman M H. Neonatal abstinence syndrome: strategies for care of the drug-exposed infant. Neonatal Netw. 2003; 22 15-25
- 35 Koob G F, Moal M Le. Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001; 24 97-129
- 36 Jacobs E H, Smit A B, Vries T J de, Schoffelmeer A NM. Neuroadaptive effects of active versus passive drug administration in addiction research. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2003; 24 566-573
- 37 Kosten T R, O'Connor P G. Management of drug and alcohol withdrawal. New Engl J Med. 2003; 348 1786-1795
- 38 Lu L, Hope B T, Dempsey J. et al . Central amygdala ERK signalling pathway is critical to incubation of cocaine craving. Nature Neurosci. 2005; 8 212-219
- 39 Smith R F. Animal models of periadolescent substance abuse. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2003; 25 291-301
- 40 Iacono W G, Malone S M, McGue M. Substance use disorders, externalizing psychopathology, and P300 event-related potential amplitude. Int J Psychopathol. 2003; 48 147-178
- 41 Little H J. The contribution of electrophysiology to knowledge of the acute and chronic effects of ethanol. Pharmacol Ther. 1999; 84 333-353
- 42 Mendelssohn A de, Kasper S, Tauscher J. Neuroimaging bei Substanzabhängigkeit. Nervenarzt. 2004; 75 651-662
- 43 Wilson S J, Sayette M A, Fiez J A. Prefrontal responses to drug cues: a neurocognitive analysis. Nature Neurosci. 2004; 7 211-214
- 44 Volkow N D, Fowler J S, Wang G J. The addicted human brain viewed in the light of imaging studies: brain circuits and treatment strategies. Neuropharmacology. 2004; 47 3-13
- 45 Sullivan E V, Pfefferbaum A. Diffusion tensor imaging in normal aging and neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Radiol. 2003; 45 244-255
- 46 Rosenbloom M, Sullivan E, Pfefferbaum A. Using magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to assess brain damage in alcoholics. Alcohol Res Health. 2003; 27 146-152
- 47 Melichar J K, Hume S P, Williams T M. et al . Using [11C]Diprenorphine to image opioid receptor occupancy by methadone in opioid addiction: clinical and preclinical studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005; 312 309-315
- 48 Kreek M J. Methadone-related opioid agonist pharmacotherapy for heroin addiction. History, recent molecular and neurochemical research and future in mainstream medicine. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000; 909 186-216
- 49 Haasen C, Krausz M. Myths versus evidence with respect to cocaine and crack: Learning from the US experience. Eur Addict Res. 2001; 7 159-160
- 50 Emilien G, Maloteaux J M, Geurts M. et al . Dopamine receptors - physiological understanding to therapeutic intervention potential. Pharmacol Ther. 1999; 84 133-156
- 51 Self D W. Regulation of drug-taking and -seeking behaviours by neuroadaptations in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004; 47 (Suppl 1) S242-S255
- 52 Salter M W. D1 and NMDA receptors hook up: expanding on an emerging theme. Trends Neurosci. 2003; 26 235-237
- 53 Richtand N M, Goldsmith R J, Nolan J E, Berger S P. The D3 dopamine receptor and substance dependence. J Addict Dis. 2001; 20 19-32
- 54 Noda Y, Nabeshima T. Opiate physical dependence and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004; 500 121-128
- 55 Siggins G R, Martin G, Roberto M. et al . Glutamatergic transmission in opiate and alcohol dependence. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003; 1003 196-211
- 56 Loftis J M, Janowsky A. Cocaine treatment- and withdrawal-induced alterations in the expression and serine phosphorylation of the NR1 NMDA receptor subunit. Psychopharmacology. 2002; 164 349-359
- 57 Loftis J M, Janowsky A. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR2B: localization, functional properties, regulation, and clinical implications. Pharmacol Ther. 2003; 97 55-85
- 58 Kalivas P W. Glutamate systems in cocaine addiction. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2004; 4 23-29
- 59 Carlezon Jr W A, Nestler E J. Elevated levels of GluR1 in the midbrain: a trigger for sensitization to drugs of abuse?. Trends Neurosci. 2002; 25 610-615
- 60 Kenny P J, Markou A. The ups and downs of addiction: role of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2004; 25 265-272
- 61 Kumar S, Fleming R L, Morrow A L. Ethanol regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors: genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. Pharmacol Ther. 2004; 101 211-226
- 62 Cousins M S, Roberts D C, Witt H de. GABA(B) receptor agonists for the treatment of drug addiction: a review of recent findings. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002; 65 209-220
- 63 Dani J A. Overview of nicotinic receptors and their roles in the central nervous system. Biol Psychiatry. 2001; 49 166-174
- 64 Homberg J R, Raaso H S, Schoffelmeer A NM, Vries T J de. Individual differences in sensitivity to factors provoking reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior. Behav Brain Res. 2004; 152 157-161
- 65 Zhang L C, Buccafusco J J. Prevention of morphine-induced muscarinic (M2) receptor adaptation suppresses the expression of withdrawal symptoms. Brain Res. 1998; 803 114-121
- 66 Fink-Jensen A, Fedorova I, Wörtwein G. et al . Role for M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in cocaine addicition. J Neurosci Res. 2003; 74 91-96
- 67 Roth B L, Willins D L, Kroeze W K. G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) trafficking in the central nervous system: relevance for drugs of abuse. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998; 51 73-85
- 68 Grant K A. The role of 5-HT3 receptors in drug dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1995; 38 155-171
- 69 Daly J W, Fredholm B B. Caffeine - an atypical drug of dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998; 51 199-206
- 70 Hack S P, Christie M J. Adaptations in adenosine signaling in drug dependence: therapeutic implications. Crit Rev Neurobiol. 2003; 15 235-274
- 71 Moreau J L, Huber G. Central adenosine A2A receptors: an overview. Brain Res Rev. 1999; 31 65-82
- 72 Baraldi P G, Cacciari B, Romagnoli R. et al . A3 adenosine receptor ligands: history and perspectives. Med Res Rev. 2000; 20 103-128
- 73 Reis D J, Regunathan S. Is agmatine a novel neurotransmitter in brain?. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2000; 21 187-193
- 74 García-Sevilla J A, Escribá P V, Guimón J. Imidazoline receptors and human brain disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999; 881 392-409
- 75 Howlett A C, Breivogel C S, Childers S R. et al . Cannabinoid physiology and pharmacology: 30 years of progress. Neuropharmacology. 2004; 47 345-358
- 76 Iversen L. Cannabis and the brain. Brain. 2003; 126 1252-1270
- 77 Ralevic V. Cannabinoid modulation of peripheral autonomic and sensory neurotransmission. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003; 472 1-21
- 78 Nestler E J. Molecular mechanisms of drug addiction. Neuropharmacology. 2004; 47 (Suppl 1) S24-S32
- 79 Isola R, Zhang H, Duchemin A M. et al . Met-enkephalin and preproenkephalin mRNA changes in the striatum of the nicotine abstinence mouse. Neurosci Lett. 2002; 325 67-71
- 80 Plotkin S R, Banks W A, Cohn C S, Kastin A J. Withdrawal from alcohol in withdrawal seizure-prone and -resistant mice: evidence for enkephalin resistance. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001; 68 379-387
- 81 Nylander I, Vlaskovska M, Terenius L. The effects of morphine treatment and morphine withdrawal on the dynorphin and enkephalin systems in Sprague-Dawley rats. Psychopharmacology. 1995; 118 391-400
- 82 Akil H, Owens C, Gutstein H. et al . Endogenous opioids: overview and current issues. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998; 51 127-140
- 83 Kreek M J. Opioid receptors: some perspectives from early studies of their role in normal physiology, stress responsivity, and in specific addictive diseases. Neurochem Res. 1996; 21 1469-1488
- 84 Ciccocioppo R, Angeletti S, Panocka I, Massi M. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ and drugs of abuse. Peptides. 2000; 21 1071-1080
- 85 Meunier J C. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ and the opioid receptor-like ORL1 receptor. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997; 340 1-15
- 86 Hanson G R, Singh N, Merchant K. et al . Responses of limbic and extrapyramidal neurotensin systems to stimulants of abuse. Involvement of dopaminergic mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992; 668 165-172
- 87 Richelson E, Boules M, Frederickson P. Neurotensin agonists: possible drugs for treatment of psychostimulant abuse. Life Sci. 2003; 73 679-690
- 88 Sarnyai Z, Kovacs G L. Role of oxytocin in the neuroadaptation to drugs of abuse. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1994; 19 85-117
- 89 Kovács G L, Darnyai Z, Szabó G. Oxytocin and addiction: a review. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1998; 23 945-962
- 90 Gimpl G, Fahrenholz F. The oxytocin receptor system: structure, function, and regulation. Physiol Rev. 2001; 81 629-683
- 91 Zingg H H, Laporte S A. The oxytocin receptor. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 14 222-227
- 92 Zachariou V, Thome J, Parikh K, Picciotto M R. Upregulation of galanin binding sites and GalR1 mRNA levels in the mouse locus coeruleus following chronic morphine treatments and precipitated morphine withdrawal. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000; 23 127-137
- 93 Zachariou V, Brunzell D H, Hawes J. et al . The neuropeptide galanin modulates behavioural and neurochemical signs of opiate withdrawal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A.. 2003; 100 9028-9033
- 94 Takahashi L K. Role of CRF(1) and CRF(2) receptors in fear and anxiety. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2001; 25 627-636
- 95 Roumy M, Garnier M, Zajac J M. Neuropeptide FF receptors 1 and 2 exert an anti-opioid activity in acutely dissociated rat dorsal raphe and periventricular hypothalamic neurones. Neurosci Lett. 2003; 348 159-162
- 96 Gouarderes C, Puget A, Zajac J M. et al . Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in stress and alcohol dependence. Rev Neurosci. 2002; 13 85-94
- 97 Nystedt J M, Lemberg K, Lintunen M. et al . Pain- and morphine-associated transcriptional regulation of neuropeptide FF and the G-protein-coupled NPFF2 receptor gene. Neurobiol Dis. 2004; 16 254-262
- 98 Blomqvist A G, Herzog H. Y-receptors subtypes - how many more?. Trends Neurosci. 1997; 20 294-298
- 99 Chronwall B M, Zukowska Z. Neuropeptide Y, ubiquitous and elusive. Peptides. 2004; 25 359-363
- 100 Heilig M, Thorsell A. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in stress and alcohol dependence. Rev Neurosci. 2002; 13 85-94
Dr. med. Stephan Rüegg
Abt. für Klinische Neurophysiologie · Neurologische Klinik · Universitätsspital
Petersgraben 4
4031 Basel · Schweiz
Email: srueegg@uhbs.ch