Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Ziel der Studie war es, Patienten mit peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit (pAVK) mithilfe eines umfassenden MR-Untersuchungsprotokolls hinsichtlich Zeichen systemischer atherosklerotischer Manifestationen zu untersuchen. Das Untersuchungsprotokoll umfasst die Darstellung des gesamten arteriellen Gefäßsystems (außer Koronararterien), des ZNS und des Herzens. Methoden: Mehrere überlappende kontrastangehobene 3D-MR-Angiographie- (MRA-) Datensätze wurden bei 60 Patienten mit klinischem Verdacht auf pAVK mithilfe eines 1,5-T-MR-Tomographen (Magnetom Avanto, Siemens, Erlangen) akquiriert. Des Weiteren wurden Cine- und Delayed-Enhancement-Aufnahmen des Herzens, FLAIR-Aufnahmen des ZNS sowie eine TOF-Angiographie des intrakraniellen Gefäßsystems angefertigt. Die Sensitivität und Spezifität der MRA für den Nachweis von Gefäßstenosen wurde mit DSA-Daten der symptomatischen Gefäßregion als Referenz bestimmt. Alle Datensätze wurden von zwei erfahrenen Untersuchern im Konsensusverfahren beurteilt. Ergebnisse: Die Sensitivität und Spezifität für die Detektion von relevanten Gefäßstenosen (Stenosegrad > 70 %) betrug 94 % und 96 % (PPV 87 %, NPV 98 %). Signifikante mikroangiopathische Gewebsveränderungen (n = 7) und/oder zerebrale Infarkte (n = 18) waren bei 23 von 60 Patienten nachzuweisen. 38 von 60 Patienten wiesen hypo-/akinetische (n = 34) und/oder dyskinetische (n = 6) Myokardareale auf. Bei 24/60 Patienten konnten Myokardareale mit „Delayed Enhancement” als Zeichen eines stattgehabten Myokardinfarktes nachgewiesen werden. Schlussfolgerung: Bei Patienten mit pAVK kann mittels des vorgestellten Protokolls eine umfassende Darstellung relevanter atherosklerosebedingter Nebenbefunde und somit ein Staging der Erkrankung innerhalb einer MR-Untersuchung durchgeführt werden.
Abstract
Purpose: To examine patients with peripheral-arterial-occlusive-disease (PAOD) for systemic effects associated with atherosclerosis using a comprehensive state-of-the-art whole-body MR examination protocol. The protocol comprises the assessment of the complete arterial vasculature (except coronary arteries), the brain, and the heart. Materials and Methods: Multi-station whole-body 3D MR angiography was performed in sixty consecutive patients with clinical suspicion for PAOD at 1.5 T (Magnetom Avanto, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Functional and delayed enhancement cardiac images were acquired, as well as FLAIR images of the brain and TOF angiography of intracranial vessels. MR and DSA images were assessed by independent observers for atherosclerotic manifestations and other pathology. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of vascular pathology was calculated for MR data using conventional DSA of the symptomatic region as standard-of-reference. Results: Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of significant vascular stenosis (> 70 % luminal narrowing) was 94 % and 96 % (PPV 87 %, NPV 98 %). Significant microangiopathic tissue alterations (n = 7) and/or cerebral infarction (n = 18) were diagnosed in 23/60 patients. Thirty-eight of 60 patients presented with systolic left ventricular wall motion abnormalities. In 24 patients subendocardial or transmural delayed enhancement was detected in corresponding regions, indicating prior myocardial infarction. Conclusion: For patients with PAOD and suspected systemic atherosclerotic disease a comprehensive diagnosis of accompanying cardiovascular pathology and therefore staging of systemic atherosclerotic disease is feasible within one MR examination.
Key words
MR-angiography - cardiac - brain - blood vessels - MR-imaging - atherosclerosis
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Dr. Michael Fenchel
Abteilung für Radiologie, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen
Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3
72076 Tübingen
Phone: ++49/70 71/29 58 45
Email: michael.fenchel@med.uni-tuebingen.de