Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Die Analyse dient der Evaluierung von Effektivität und Toxizität einer Gemcitabine/Carboplatin-Chemotherapie
beim metastasierten Urothelkarzinom unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Patienten
mit eingeschränkter renaler Leistungsfähigkeit. Patienten und Methode: 30 konsekutive Patienten mit einem metastasierten Urothelkarzinom (mittleres Patientenalter:
68 (47 - 82) Jahre, medianer ECOG-PS:1) wurden in der Kombination Gemcitabine (1000
mg/m2 an den Tagen 1 und 8) und Carboplatin (AUC 4,5 am Tag 1) in einem 21-Tage-Zyklus
behandelt. 15 Patienten der Untersuchungskollektives hatten eine Kreatinin-Clearance
unter 60 ml/min (31 - 59 ml/min) und waren damit als moderat renal insuffizient einzuschätzen.
Ergebnisse: Die Überlebenszeiten der Subgruppen renal eingeschränkter und leistungsfähiger Patienten
unterschieden sich nicht signifikant voneinander (median 13 vs. 14 Monate, p = 0,901).
Für das Gesamtkollektiv ist eine Responserate von 50 % anzugeben. Komplette Remissionen
und partielle Remissionen traten in 16,7 % bzw. 33,3 % der Fälle auf. Die durchschnittliche
Zeit bis zur Progression wurde mit 5,34 Monaten ermittelt. Die 1-Jahres-Überlebensrate
betrug 51,8 %. Bei keinem Patienten musste unter der Chemotherapie eine therapiebedingte
Verschlechterung der Nierenfunktion festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Chemotherapiekombination Gemcitabine/Carboplatin ist effektiv einsetzbar in der
First-Line-Behandlung von Patienten mit metastasiertem Urothelkarzinom. Es liegt ein
akzeptables Nebenwirkungsprofil vor. Die Dosierung nach AUC-Werten ermöglicht eine
Anpassung an die individuelle Glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (GFR). Bei eingeschränkter
Nierenfunktion ist kein Wirksamkeitsverlust feststellbar. Zukünftige Phase-III-Studien
sind für die Validierung dieses Chemotherapieregimes erforderlich.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this analysis is the evaluation of the activity and toxicity of gemcitabine
and carboplatin in patients with advanced urothelial transitional carcinoma (TCC)
with special regard to patients with impaired renal function. Patients and Methods: 30 consecutive patients with metastatic TCC [mean age: 68 (range: 47 - 82) years,
median ECOG-PS:1] were treated with gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day schedule) and carboplatin (AUC 4.5 day 1). In 15 patients
(considered as renal unfit) a creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min (range:
31 - 59 mL/min) was seen. Results: Concerning the survival rate, no significant difference noticed between the two subgroups
of renal impaired patients and patients with normal renal function was detected (median
13 vs. 14 months, p = 0.901). An overall response rate of 50 % was obtained. In 16.7
% and 33.3 % of all cases a complete or a partial response was noted. Median time
to progression was 5.34 months. The 1-year-survival rate has been calculated as 51.8
%. There was no restriction of renal function under chemotherapy in any single patient.
Conclusions: The chemotherapy combination of gemcitabine and carboplatin is definitely powerful
for a first-line-therapy in patients with advanced TCC. Toxicity is well manageable.
Due to the dosage for carboplatin by AUC an adaptation to the glomerular filtration
rate is possible. Decreases of effectiveness in cases of impaired renal function were
not detected. Patients with metastatic TCC should be entered onto well designed, randomised
clinical trials with the gemcitabine/carboplatin combination to afford a tailored
chemotherapy.
Schlüsselwörter
Gemcitabine - Carboplatin - Urothelkarzinom - eingeschränkte Nierenfunktion
Key words
Gemcitabine - carboplatin - TCC - impaired renal function
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Dr. med. Christian Helke
Carl-Thiem-Klinikum CottbusLehrkrankenhaus der Universitätsklinik Charité zu Berlin
Thiemstraße 111
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