Zusammenfassung
Körperdysmorphe Beschwerden zeichnen sich durch eine übermäßige Beschäftigung mit einem illusionären Mangel oder einer Entstellung in der eigenen äußeren Erscheinung aus. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Diskrepanz im Ideal- und Realkörperbild und der Ausprägung körperdysmorpher Beschwerden wird angenommen. Die Studie wurde an einer repräsentativen Stichprobe der deutschen Bevölkerung durchgeführt. Es zeigten sich hinsichtlich der Ausprägungen des Ideal- vs. Realkörperbildes signifikante Alters- und Geschlechtsunterschiede. Bei einer differenzierten Betrachtung des Körperbildes kristallisierten sich für Männer und Frauen verschiedene Faktoren heraus, die unterschiedlich prädiktiv für die Ausprägung körperdysmorpher Beschwerden waren. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der bestehenden Körperideale und ihrer geschlechtsspezifischen Bedeutung diskutiert.
Abstract
Body dysmorphic symptoms are characterized by a distressing and impairing preoccupation with an imagined or slight defect in appearance. It is assumed that a discrepancy between ideal and real body image is associated with body dysmorphic disorder symptoms. On the basis of a nationwide survey participants were analysed in terms of their body dysmorphic symptoms and specific aspects of their body image. The ideal and real body image differed significantly in both sexes and in age groups. On closer examination it was apparent that there were different factors for men and women which predicted the occurrence of body dysmorphic symptoms. The results are discussed against the background of existing body ideals and in terms of their gender specific relevance.
Key words
Body dysmorphic disorder - body image - ideal body image - gender difference
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Dipl.-Psych. Isolde Daig
Institut für Medizinische Psychologie · Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Luisenstraße 57
10117 Berlin
Email: isolde.daig@charite.de