Rationale Anämiediagnostik - Das blasse Kind in der Hausarztpraxis

Die Ursachen der Anämie im Kindesalter, die zur Vorstellung eines blassen Kindes beim Arzt führen, sind breit gefächert. Sie reichen von der physiologischen Trimenonreduktion über die harmlose transitorische Erythroblastopenie bis zu genetisch bedingten lebensbedrohlichen Anämieformen. Das Spektrum der Anämien bei Kindern unterscheidet sich in vielen Aspekten erheblich von dem bei Erwachsenen. Diese Darstellung verschafft einen Überblick über wichtige Anämien im Kindesalter und bietet ein rationales diagnostisches Vorgehen zur Annäherung an die, in einigen Bereichen auch diffizile Differentialdiagnose auf.

The underlying causes of anemia in childhood leading to a visit at the family doctor are largely diverse. These vary from physiologic anemia of infancy (Trimenonreduction) to harmless transitory erythroblastopenia and genetic life threatening anemic disorders and syndromes. The spectrum of disease associated with anemia in childhood is largely distinct from that of adulthood. This report describes a comprehensive overview about important forms of anemia in childhood and provides for a rational approach to the in some aspects quite challenging differential diagnosis.

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