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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-977738
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Case Report with Subdural Hematomas, Steroid Dependency and Clinical Improvement after Myelography
Spontanes Hypoliquorrhö-Syndrom: Bericht eines Falles mit subduralen Hämatomen, Steroid-Abhängigkeit und klinischer Verbesserung nach MyelographiePublication History
Publication Date:
06 July 2007 (online)

Abstract
Objective: In spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), also known as spontaneous hypoliquorrhea, an abnormally low intracranial pressure leads to posture-dependent headaches similar to those observed after lumbar puncture. Although its etiology is not yet fully understood, it is now diagnosed more often as clinical awareness increases and the availability of MRI becomes more widespread.
Clinical presentation: We report the case of a 42-year-old patient with SIH who developed bilateral subdural hematomas (SDH) and symptomatic diencephalic herniation requiring surgical evacuation. Remarkably, he also developed partial pituitary insufficiency.
Therapy: After SDH was evacuated twice without success, his symptoms resolved rapidly after a diagnostic myelography.
Conclusion: Besides the orthostatic headache, the possible clinical manifestations are numerous. Serious complications and situations may occur that need to be recognized and treated. In addition to presentation of the case the literature to date is reviewed and discussed.
Zusammenfassung
Das spontane Hypoliquorrhö-Syndrom, auch als spontane intrakranielle Hypotension bekannt, wird durch einen pathologisch erniedrigten intrakraniellen Druck hervorgerufen, welcher zu lageabhängigen Kopfschmerzen führt, wie sie nach einer Lumbalpunktion vorkommen können. Obwohl die Ätiologie noch nicht vollständig bekannt ist, wird das Syndrom in letzter Zeit häufiger diagnostiziert, je mehr sich das Wissen darüber sowie die Verfügbarkeit des MRI verbreiten. Wir berichten über einen 42-jährigen Patienten mit einem spontanen Hypoliquorrhö-Syndrom, welcher beidseitige Subduralhämatome mit einer symptomatischen dienzephalen Hernierung entwickelte. Zusätzlich trat eine partielle Hypophyseninsuffizienz auf. Die Subduralhämatome wurden zweimalig, ohne wesentliche klinische Besserung des Patienten, chirurgisch entlastet. Die Symptome besserten sich aber deutlich im Anschluss an eine diagnostische Myelographie. Das spontane Hypoliquorrhö-Syndrom kann sich neben den typischen Kopfschmerzen mit einer Vielzahl anderer klinischer Symptome manifestieren, wobei ernsthafte Komplikationen auftreten können und erkannt werden müssen. Entscheidend dabei ist das Erkennen des SIH und die Einleitung einer entsprechenden Therapie. Neben der Fallpräsentation wird die aktuelle Literatur diskutiert.
Key words
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension - subdural hematoma - steroid dependency
Schlüsselwörter
Subduralhämatom - Steroidabhängigkeit - Hypoliquorrhösyndrom
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Correspondence
Dr. J. Platz
Universitätsspital Zürich
Institut für Neuroradiologie
Frauenklinikstrasse 10
8091 Zürich
Switzerland
Phone: +41/44/255/56 02
Fax: +41/44/255 45 04
Email: johannes.platz@web.de