Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Kombinationstherapie aus photodynamischer Therapie (PDT) und intravitrealer Triamcinolon-Eingabe (IVTA) bei choroidalen Neovaskularisationen (CNV) im Rahmen der AMD scheint die Prognose dieser Erkrankung zu verbessern. Diese Annahme war jedoch bislang auf nicht randomisierte und retrospektive Studien basiert. Wir stellen hier die 6-Monats-Ergebnisse der prospektiven und randomisierten multizentrischen ITAP-Studie (Intravitreal Triamcinolone And PDT) zur Evaluation der PDT-IVTA-Kombinationstherapie im Vergleich zur PDT-Monotherapie vor. Patienten: Prospektive und randomisierte multizentrische Phase-III-Studie zur Evaluation der Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der PDT-IVTA-Kombinationstherapie im Vergleich zur PDT-Monotherapie. 3 randomisierte Therapiegruppen (A: nur PDT; B: IVTA am selben Tag 1 Stunde nach PDT; C: IVTA 1 Woche vor PDT) wurden 1 Jahr lang beobachtet. Eingeschlossen wurden Patienten mit überwiegend klassischer CNV, minimal klassischer CNV (< 4 Papillendurchmesser) oder okkulter CNV mit akuter Visusverschlechterung. Die Behandlung wurde wiederholt, wenn bei der Kontrolluntersuchung eine persistierende Leckage der CNV sichtbar war. Primäre Endpunkte waren der Endvisus im Vergleich zwischen Kombinationstherapie und PDT-Monotherapie sowie der Endvisus im Vergleich zwischen beiden Gruppen der Kombinationstherapie. Ergebnisse: 92 Patienten wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Vor Beginn der Therapie betrug der mittlere best-korrigierte ETDRS-Visus 52, 53 und 51 Buchstaben in den Gruppen A, B und C, bei der 6-Monats-Kontrolle entsprechend 40, 47 und 47 Buchstaben. Lediglich Gruppe A verliert im Mittel mehr als 10 Buchstaben, die Änderung ist jedoch zwischen den Gruppen statistisch nicht signifikant. Die mittlere Netzhautdicke, gemessen mittels optischer Kohärenztomografie, verminderte sich in allen Gruppen statistisch signifikant, insbesondere in den Kombinationsgruppen. Die Anzahl der Wiederholungsbehandlungen ist zwischen den drei Gruppen nach 6 Monaten nicht signifikant unterschiedlich, eine operationswürdige Kataraktprogression konnte während der ersten 6 Monate nicht nachgewiesen werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die 6-Monats-Ergebnisse dieser prospektiven und randomisierten Studie zeigen nach 6 Monaten keinen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied im Visusverlauf zwischen Mono- und Kombinationstherapie.
Abstract
Background: Combination therapy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with intravitreal triamcinolone (IVTA) for choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration is thought to improve the prognosis. It is therefore widely used, although results are mostly based upon non-randomised and retrospective studies. Here we present the 6-month results of our prospective, randomised, multicentre ITAP trial (Intravitreal Triamcinolone and PDT) for the evaluation of the combination therapy as compared to PDT alone. Patients: This prospective, randomised, multicentre phase III trial was performed for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of combination therapy (PDT and IVTA) as compared to PDT alone. Three randomised therapy groups (A: PDT alone, B: IVTA on the same day 1 hour after PDT C: IVTA 1 week before PDT) were monitored over 1 year. The patients included had wet AMD with predominantly classic CNV, minimal classic CNV smaller than 4 papillary diameters or occult CNV with recent disease progression. Re-treatment was performed when persistent leakage of the CNV was visible at follow-up. Primary outcome criteria were the comparison between combination therapy and PDT monotherapy concerning visual acuity, and, second, the comparison between the two groups of combination therapy. Results: 92 patients were included in the study. Before treatment, mean best corrected ETDRS letter score was 52, 53 and 51 in groups A, B and C, respectively. At the 6 months follow-up, mean best corrected letter score was 40, 47 and 47, respectively, with only group A loosing more than 10 letters. This change, however, was not statistically significant between the groups. Mean retinal thickness as measured with optical coherence tomography decreased in all groups, and reached statistical significance in both combination groups. Re-treatment rates did not differ significantly between the three groups at 6 months follow-up, nor was there a significant cataract progression requiring operation. Conclusion: At 6 months there was no significant difference between mono- and combination therapy groups concerning visual acuity.
Schlüsselwörter
Retina - altersabhängige Makuladegeneration - photodynamische Therapie - Triamcinolon - intravitreale Therapie - randomisierte Studie
Key words
retina - age-related macular degeneration - photodynamic therapy - Triamcinolone - intravitreal injection - randomised study
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Dr. Maria Andreea Gamulescu
Ophthalmologie, Universitätsaugenklinik Regensburg
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