Psychologische Diagnostik funktioneller Abdominalschmerzen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Zusammenfassung

Angesichts der hohen Prävalenz und der möglichen psychosozialen Folgen funktioneller Abdominalschmerzen im Kindes- und Jugendalter besteht Bedarf an geeigneten Instrumenten zur frühzeitigen Diagnostik, um langfristig chronischen Entwicklungsverläufen schon frühzeitig mit entsprechenden Interventionen effektiv entgegenwirken zu können. In diesem Beitrag werden verschiedene Selbsteinschätzungsskalen beschrieben und ihre Anwendbarkeit überprüft. Zusätzlich werden Fragebögen und Interviews, die neben der Schmerzintensität auch Begleitfaktoren erfassen und spezifische Erhebungsinstrumente für das Störungsbild der funktionellen Abdominalschmerzen vorgestellt. Es lässt sich feststellen, dass keines der untersuchten Instrumente alle relevanten Faktoren des Schmerzerlebens erfasst und dass speziell im deutschsprachigen Raum für das Störungsbild der funktionellen Abdominalschmerzen nur wenig geeignete Diagnostikinstrumente verfügbar sind.

Abstract

Given the high prevalence and possible psychosocial consequences of functional abdominal pain in children and adolescents, appropriate instruments for early diagnostics are required to work effectively against long-term chronic courses of this disorder. This report describes several self-report scales and reviews their applicability. In addition, questionnaires and interviews which assess pain intensity and associated factors as well as specific instruments for assessing functional abdominal pain in children and adolescents are introduced. It can be declared that none of the examined instruments grasps all relevant factors of pain. Especially in German there are only few appropriate diagnostic instruments for functional abdominal pain in children.

Key words

functional abdominal pain - recurrent abdominal pain - diagnostics - children - adolescents

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