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Horm Metab Res 2008; 40(11): 767-771
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1080896
Original Basic

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Reduced Frequency of Peripheral Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Type 1 Diabetes

C. Hinkmann 1 , I. Knerr 2 , E-G. Hahn 1 , T. Lohmann 1 [†] , C. C. Seifarth 1
  • 1Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
  • 2Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Further Information

Publication History

received 30.01.2008

accepted 10.03.2008

Publication Date:
11 July 2008 (online)

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Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) as antigen presenting cells play an important role in the initiation of an autoimmune disease like type 1 diabetes. Although there is evidence from the NOD mouse model that the function and frequency of DCs is altered in type 1 diabetes, there is little data on dendritic cells in human type 1 diabetes. We investigated peripheral blood myeloid (mDC1 and mDC2) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in 15 type 1 diabetes patients with recent onset (within the last 3 months) of type 1 diabetes as well as in 15 patients with long standing (more than 5 years) type 1 diabetes by flow cytometry. Both groups were compared to age matched controls. We observed a significantly reduced percentage of pDCs of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in both recent onset (0.13 vs. 0.25%, p=0.01) and long standing type 1 diabetes patients (0.13 vs. 0.24%, p=0.01). The absolute counts of pDCs per ml of blood were also significantly lower in both recent onset (mean 9560 vs. 13524, p=0.048) and long-standing diabetes (mean 7869 vs. 12202; p=0.05). The percentage of mDC1 was significantly diminished in recent onset (0.21% vs. 0.30%, p=0.034), but not in long standing type 1 diabetes. Our study demonstrates a persisting reduction of peripheral plasmacytoid DCs in type 1 diabetes patients. Since pDCs are involved in the control of immune responses and inducing regulatory cells, a reduced number of pDCs may predispose to an autoimmune reaction in the pancreatic islets.

Key words

myeloid dendritic cells type 1 - myeloid dendritic cells type 2 - plasmacytoid dendritic cells

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1 Current address: Medizinische Klinik, Städtisches Krankenhaus Dresden-Neustadt, Dresden, Germany

Correspondence

PD Dr. med. C. C. Seifarth

Dr.-Dachs-Straße 12

93049 Regensburg

Germany

Phone: +49/700/4676 66 33

Fax: +49/941/598 93 08

Email: seifarth@hotmail.com