Die Mitarbeit von Patienten mit einem Asthma ist schlecht. Nur
ca. 50 % aller Patienten nehmen die ihnen verordnete
Medikation wie vom Arzt verschrieben. Mit verschiedenen Maßnahmen, die
von einfachen Ermahnungen, Schulungsmaßnahmen, Vereinfachung
und Minimierung von Therapien und Tagesdosen über komplexe multidisziplinäre
Interventionen reichen, wurde versucht, die Rate der Patientenmitarbeit
zu steigern und die Arzt-Patientenbeziehung zu verbessern. Auch
seitens des behandelnden Arztes existieren viele direkte und indirekte,
die Patientenmitarbeit negativ beeinflussende Faktoren. Sowohl die
auf den Patienten als auch auf den behandelnden Arzt bezogenen Maßnahmen
zur Verbesserung der Patiente-Adhärenz haben allerdings
häufig nur einen bescheidenen Langzeiterfolg. Zudem fehlt
in den meisten Studien der Nachweis, dass eine Verbesserung der
Therapie-Adhärenz tatsächlich auch zu einer klinischen Verbesserung
führt. In dieser Übersicht werden die aktuelle
Studienlage und die zu erwartenden Erfolgsaussichten der evaluierten
Interventionen zum Thema vorgestellt.
Summary
An estimated 50% of all asthma patients do not take
the medication as prescribed, i.e. are non-compliant. Numerous
interventions have been done to improve patients' compliance have
been evaluated in clinical studies, ranging from simple adjustments
in the medication regimen to complex multidisciplinary interventions
that address health system barriers and communication between patients
and health care professionals. Beliefs or disbeliefs of health
care professionals affect patients' compliance. Efforts to improve
the adherence of physicians to asthma guidelines have been tested
in numerous studies. Although several types of interventions are
effective in improving compliance to medication for asthma, only
a few indicated whether this success would actually result in
clinical improvement. This review surveys the different options
for enhancing compliance rates in patients with asthma.
asthma - management - adherence - compliance - application form - education - training
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