Pathophysiological role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction

Federico Carbone; Alessio Nencioni; François Mach; Nicolas Vuilleumier; Fabrizio Montecucco

doi:10.1160/TH13-03-0211

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2013; 110(03): 501-514
DOI: 10.1160/TH13-03-0211

Review Article

Schattauer GmbH

Pathophysiological role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction

Federico Carbone

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

,

Alessio Nencioni

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

,

François Mach

²Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland

,

Nicolas Vuilleumier

³Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland

⁴Department of Human Protein Science, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland

,

Fabrizio Montecucco

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

²Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

The pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction is known to be mediated by systemic, intraplaque and myocardial inflammatory processes. Among different immune cell subsets, compelling evidence now indicates a pivotal role for neutrophils in acute coronary syndromes. Neutrophils infiltrate coronary plaques and the infarcted myocardium and mediate tissue damage by releasing matrix-degrading enzymes and reactive oxygen species. In addition, neutrophils are also involved in post-infarction adverse cardiac remodelling and neointima formation after angioplasty. The promising results obtained in preclinical models with pharmacological approaches interfering with neutrophil recruitment or function have confirmed the pathophysiological relevance of these immune cells in acute coronary syndromes and prompted further studies of these therapeutic interventions. This narrative review will provide an update on the role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction and on the pharmacological means that were devised to prevent neutrophil-mediated tissue damage and to reduce post-ischaemic outcomes.

Keywords

Atherosclerosis - neutrophils - inflammation - acute myocardial infarction

Full Text

References

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