Antithrombin up-regulates AMP-activated protein kinase signalling during myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury

Yina Ma; Jinli Wang; Junjie Gao; Hui Yang; Yanqing Wang; Chandrashekhara Manithody; Ji Li; Alireza R. Rezaie

doi:10.1160/TH14-04-0360

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Thromb Haemost 2015; 113(02): 338-349
DOI: 10.1160/TH14-04-0360

Cellular Signalling and Proteolysis

Schattauer GmbH

Antithrombin up-regulates AMP-activated protein kinase signalling during myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury

Yina Ma

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA

,

Jinli Wang

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA

,

Junjie Gao

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA

,

Hui Yang

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA

,

Yanqing Wang

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA

,

Chandrashekhara Manithody

²Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA

,

Ji Li

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, USA

,

Alireza R. Rezaie

²Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Summary

Antithrombin (AT) is a protein of the serpin superfamily involved in regulation of the proteolytic activity of the serine proteases of the coagulation system. AT is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties when it binds to heparan sulfate proteo - glycans (HSPGs) on vascular cells. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important cardioprotective role during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R). To determine whether the cardioprotective signaling function of AT is mediated through the AMPK pathway, we evaluated the cardioprotective activities of wild-type AT and its two derivatives, one having high affinity and the other no affinity for heparin, in an acute I/R injury model in C57BL/6J mice in which the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded. The serpin derivatives were given 5 minutes before reperfusion. The results showed that AT-WT can activate AMPK in both in vivo and ex vivo conditions. Blocking AMPK activity abolished the cardioprotective function of AT against I/R injury. The AT derivative having high affinity for heparin was more effective in activating AMPK and in limiting infraction, but the derivative lacking affinity for heparin was inactive in eliciting AMPK-dependent cardioprotective activity. Activation of AMPK by AT inhibited the inflammatory c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) pathway during I/R. Further studies revealed that the AMPK activity induced by AT also modulates cardiac substrate metabolism by increasing glucose oxidation but inhibiting fatty acid oxidation during I/R. These results suggest that AT binds to HSPGs on heart tissues to invoke a cardioprotective function by triggering cardiac AMPK activation, thereby attenuating JNK inflammatory signalling pathways and modulating substrate metabolism during I/R.

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