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Thromb Haemost 2017; 117(07): 1338-1347
DOI: 10.1160/TH16-11-0891
Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
Schattauer GmbH

A long-acting PAI-1 inhibitor reduces thrombus formation

Shuangzhou Peng
1   State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
2   College of life sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
,
Guangpu Xue
1   State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
5   College of Life science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
,
Lihu Gong
1   State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
,
Chao Fang
6   Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
7   School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong, China
,
Jingfei Chen
4   Qingdao Institute of Biomass Energy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
,
Cai Yuan
3   Fuzhou University,Fuzhou, Fujian, China
,
Zhuo Chen
1   State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
,
Lishan Yao
4   Qingdao Institute of Biomass Energy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
,
Bruce Furie
6   Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
,
Mingdong Huang
1   State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
3   Fuzhou University,Fuzhou, Fujian, China
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 28 November 2016

Accepted after major revision: 25 March 2017

Publication Date:
11 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is the main inhibitor of tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators (t/uPA) and plays an important role in fibrinolysis. Inhibition of PAI-1 activity prevents thrombosis and accelerates fibrinolysis, indicating that PAI-1 inhibitors may be used as effective antithrombotic agents. We previously designed a PAI-1 inhibitor (PAItrap) which is a variant of inactivated urokinase protease domain. In the present study, we fused PAItrap with human serum albumin (HSA) to develop a long-acting PAI-1 inhibitor. Unfortunately, the fusion protein PAItrap-HSA lost some potency compared to PAItrap (33 nM vs 10 nM). Guided by computational method, we carried out further optimisation to enhance inhibitory potency for PAI-1. The new PAItrap, denominated PAItrap(H37R)-HSA, which was the H37R variant of PAItrap fused to HSA, gave a six-fold improvement of IC50 (5 nM) for human active PAI-1 compared to PAItrap-HSA, and showed much longer plasma half-life (200-fold) compared to PAItrap. We further demonstrated that the PAItrap(H37R)-HSA inhibited exogenous or endogenous PAI-1 to promote fibrinolysis in fibrin-clot lysis assay. PAItrap(H37R)-HSA inhibits murine PAI-1 with IC50 value of 12 nM, allowing the inhibitor to be evaluated in murine models. Using an intravital microscopy, we demonstrated that PAItrap(H37R)-HSA blocks thrombus formation and platelet accumulation in vivo in a laser-induced vascular injury mouse model. Additionally, mouse tail bleeding assay showed that PAItrap(H37R)-HSA did not affect the global haemostasis. These results suggest that PAItrap(H37R)-HSA have the potential benefit to prevent thrombosis and accelerates fibrinolysis.

Keywords

PAI-1 inhibitor - human serum albumin (HSA) - thrombosis - clot lysis
 

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