Canine hip dysplasia treated by juvenile pubic symphysiodesis

R. T. Dueland; W. M. Adams; A. J. Patricelli; K. A. Linn; P. M. Crump

doi:10.3415/VCOT-09-04-0045

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Table of Contents

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2010; 23(05): 306-317
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-09-04-0045

Original Research

Schattauer GmbH

Canine hip dysplasia treated by juvenile pubic symphysiodesis

Part I: Two year results of computed tomography and distraction index

Authors

R. T. Dueland

¹Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
W. M. Adams

¹Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
A. J. Patricelli

¹Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

²Current address: Breckenridge Animal Clinic Surgical Services, Breckenridge, Colorado, USA
K. A. Linn

³University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
P. M. Crump

⁴Department of Computing & Biometry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Abstract

Summary

Objectives: To measure one and two year effects of juvenile pubic symphysiodesis (JPS) in puppies defined as ‘at-risk’ for canine hip dysplasia (CHD) using the following objective hip conformation criteria: Acetabular angle (AA), dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA) and hip laxity (PennHIP© distraction index (DI).

Design: Controlled clinical case study. Animals: Thirty-nine dysplastic puppies (six controls).

Procedures: The dogs were anaesthetised and acetabular angle, DARA, and DI values were obtained by computed tomography and radiography preoperatively. Electro-cautery fusion of the pubic symphysis was performed between 12 – 24 weeks of age. The imaging was repeated at one and two years of age.

Results: Significant hip improvements were seen at the two-year follow-up appointments for: AA (JPS dogs 31% increase, control 3%), DARA (JPS 38% decrease, control 15%) and DI (JPS 41% decrease in laxity, controls 20%) for all postoperative versus preoperative values. Pubic fusion occurred with minor morbidity.

Conclusion: Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis resulted in significant improvements in hip conformation (AA and DARA), especially in mild to moderately lax hips (DI = 0.40–0.69). Most dogs with DI ≥0.70 increased in osteoarthritis grade by two years of age.

Clinical relevance: Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis surgery at 12–24 weeks of age significantly improved hip conformation and decreased laxity in at-risk CHD dogs. Early-age (12 to 16 week) recognition of hip laxity offered greater JPS benefits than surgery performed at 19- to 24-weeks-old. Dogs with severe laxity (DI ≥0.70) continued to increase in osteoarthritis. An early (12–16 weeks) positive laxity test (Ortolani) should alert one to obtain objective laxity determinations (Penn-HIP^© DI).

Keywords

Canine - hip dysplasia - juvenile pubic symphysiodesis

Full Text

References

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