FSAP, a new player in inflammation?

F. Stephan; L. A. Aarden; S. Zeerleder

doi:10.5482/ha-1187

Hämostaseologie, Table of Contents

Hamostaseologie 2012; 32(01): 51-55
DOI: 10.5482/ha-1187

Review

Schattauer GmbH

FSAP, a new player in inflammation?

FSAP, ein neuer Akteur bei Entzündungen?

F. Stephan

¹Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

,

L. A. Aarden

¹Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

,

S. Zeerleder

¹Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

²Department of Haematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Factor VII-activating protease (FSAP) is a serine protease in plasma that has a role in coagulation and fibrinolysis. FVII could be activated by purified FSAP in a tissue factor independent manner and pro-urokinase has been demonstrated to be a substrate for purified FSAP in-vitro. However, the physiological role of FSAP in haemostasis remains unclear. More recently FSAP is suggested to be involved in inflammation. It modulates vascular permeability directly and indirectly by the generation of bradykinin. Furthermore, FSAP is activated by dead cells induced by the inflammatory response and subsequently removes nucleosomes from apoptotic cells. FSAP activation can be detected in sepsis patients as well. However, whether FSAP activation upon inflammation is beneficial or detrimental remains an open question.

In this review the structure, activation mechanisms and the possible role of FSAP in inflammation are discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Die Faktor-VII-aktivierende Protease (FSAP) ist eine Serinprotease im Plasma, der eine Rolle bei Koagulation und Fibrinolyse zukommt. FVII konnte, unabhängig von Gewebefaktor, durch gereinigte FSAP aktiviert werden und es wurde gezeigt, dass Pro-Urokinase in vitro ein Substrat für gereinigte FSAP ist. Jedoch ist die physiologische Rolle von FSAP bei der Hämostase weiterhin unklar. Neuerdings wird eine Beteiligung von FSAP an Entzündungen vermutet. Durch die Bereitstellung von Bradykinin moduliert es direkt und indirekt die Gefäßpermeabilität. Darüber hinaus wird FSAP, induziert durch die entzündliche Reaktion, durch tote Zellen aktiviert und entfernt anschließend Nukleosomen aus apoptotischen Zellen. Die Aktivierung von FSAP kann bei septischen Patienten ebenfalls festgestellt werden. Es bleibt jedoch offen, ob die Aktivierung von FSAP bei einer Entzündung von Vorteil oder von Nachteil ist.

In dieser Übersicht werden Struktur, Aktivierungsmechanismus und die mögliche Rolle des FSAP bei Entzündungen diskutiert.

Keywords

Factor VII-activating protease - inflammation - hyaluronic acid binding protein 2 - nucleosomes

Schlüsselwörter

Faktor-VII-aktivierende Protease - Entzündung - Hyaluronsäure-bindendes Protein-2 - Nukleosome

Full Text

References

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