Sportphysio 2024; 12(02): 63-70
DOI: 10.1055/a-2242-5013
Focus
Einführung

Risiken für Heranwachsende bei einer frühen Spezialisierung für eine Sportart

Amanda Johnson

Zusammenfassung

Ist es sinnvoll, Heranwachsende schon früh auf eine Sportart festzulegen? Sind Kinder, die sich von klein auf spezialisiert haben, die späteren Sieger? Haben sie ein höheres Verletzungsrisiko? Oder scheitern sie gar, weil sich ihr Körper schneller abnutzt? Amanda Johnson hat Antworten auf Fragen, die viele Eltern und Trainer beschäftigen.

Zusatzmaterial



Publication History

Article published online:
24 April 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
  • Literatur

  • 1 Bell DR, Post EG, Biese K. et al. Sport specialization and risk of overuse injuries: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2018; 142: e20180657
  • 2 Beunen G, Malina RM. Growth and biologic maturation: Relevance to athletic performance. In: Hebestreit H, Bar-Or O. The young athlete. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing; 2008: 3-17
  • 3 Biese KM, Post EG, Schaefer II DA. et al. Evaluation of adolescent sport specialization and injury mechanism by sex: A secondary analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2020; 23: 721-725
  • 4 Brenner JS, Labotz M, Sugimoto D, Stracciolini A. The psychosocial implications of sport specialization in pediatric athletes. Journal of Athletic Training 2019; 54: 1021-1029
  • 5 Engerbretsen L, Steffen K, Bahr R. et al. The International Olympic Committee Consensus statement on age determination in high-level young athletes. Br J Sports Med 2010; 44: 476-84
  • 6 Ericsson KA. The acquisition of expert performance: An introduction to some of the issues. In: Ericsson KA. The road to excellence. New York, NY: Psychology Press; 2014
  • 7 Fabricant PD, Lakomkin N, Sugimoto D. et al. Youth sports specialization and musculoskeletal injury: A systematic review of the literature. The Physician and Sportsmedicine 2016; 44: 257-262
  • 8 Gerber M, Gustaffson H, Seelig H. et al. Usefulness of the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) as a screening tool for the detection of clinically relevant burnout symptoms among young elite athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2018; 39: 104-113
  • 9 Giuisti NE, Carder SL, Vopat L. et al. Comparing burnout in sport-specializing versus sport-sampling adolescent athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2020; 8: 2325967120907579
  • 10 Hall R, Foss KB, Hewett TE, Myer GD. Sport specialization’s association with an increased risk of developing anterior knee pain in adolescent female athletes. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 2015; 24: 31-35
  • 11 Jayanthi NA, Post EG, Laury TC, Fabricant PD. Health consequences of youth sport specialization. J Athl Train 2019; 54: 1040-1049
  • 12 Johnson A, Doherty PJ, Freemont A. Investigation of growth, development, and factors associated with injury in elite schoolboy footballers: Prospective study. BMJ 2009; 338: b490
  • 13 Kemper HC. Skeletal development during childhood and adolescence and the effects of physical activity. Pediatric Exercise Science 2000; 12: 198-216
  • 14 Kliethermes SA, Marshall SW, Labella CR. et al. Defining a research agenda for youth sport specialisation in the USA: The AMSSM Youth Early Sport Specialization Summit. Br J Sports Med 2021; 55: 135-143
  • 15 Lloyd RS, Oliver JL. The youth physical development model: A new approach to long-term athletic development. Strength and Conditioning Journal 2012; 34: 61-72
  • 16 Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Faigenbaum AD. et al. Chronological age vs. biological maturation: Implications for exercise programming in youth. J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28: 1454-64
  • 17 Malina RM. Adolescent Growth Spurt. In: Hupp S, Jewell J. Encyclopedia of Child and Adolescent Development, Part 2. Adolescent Development (volume 8). New York: John Wiley & Sons; 2019: 1-12
  • 18 Malina RM, Rogol AD, Cumming SP. et al. Biological maturation of youth athletes: Assessment and implications. Br J Sports Med 2015; 49: 852-859
  • 19 Mastrorilli G, Greco G. Parental involvement in youth sports: Perceived and desired behaviour by children. European Journal of Fitness, Nutrition and Sport Medicine Studies 2020 1. 2
  • 20 McGowan J, Whatman C, Walters S. The associations of early specialisation and sport volume with musculoskeletal injury in New Zealand children. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 23: 139-144
  • 21 Meisel PL, DiFiori JP, Côté J. et al. Age of early specialization, competitive volume, injury, and sleep habits in youth sport: A preliminary study of US youth basketball. Sports Health 2022; 14: 30-44
  • 22 Mirwald RL, Baxter-Jones AD, Bailey DA, Beunen GP. An assessment of maturity from anthropometric measurements. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2002; 34: 689-694
  • 23 Mosher A, Till K, Fraser Thomas J, Baker J. Revisiting early sport specialization: What’s the problem?. Sports Health 2022; 14: 13-19
  • 24 Mostafavifar AM, Best TM, Myer GD. Early sport specialisation, does it lead to long-term problems?. Br J Sports Med 2013; 47: 1060-1
  • 25 Post EG, Trigsted SM, Riekena JW. et al. The association of sport specialization and training volume with injury history in youth athletes. Am J Sports Med 2017; 45: 1405-1412
  • 26 Rasmussen AR, Wohlfahrt-Veje C, De Renzy-Martin KT. et al. Validity of self-assessment of pubertal maturation. Pediatrics 2015; 135: 86-93
  • 27 Reilly T, Richardson D, Stratton G, Williams AM. Youth Soccer. From science to performance. London: Routledge; 2004
  • 28 Roelants M, Cameron N. Adolescent growth. In: Cameron N, Schell LM. Human Growth and Development. third. Elsevier. Academic Press; 2022: 101-123
  • 29 Ubago-Guisado E, Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR. et al. Effect of maturational timing on bone health in male adolescent athletes engaged in different sports: The PRO-BONE study. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2019; 22: 253-258
  • 30 Zaremski JL, Pazik M, Dean CW. et al. Forearm flexor injury is associated with medial ulnar collateral ligament injury in throwing athletes. PM R 2022; 14: 949-954