Download PDF
Nervenheilkunde 2024; 43(06): 357-365
DOI: 10.1055/a-2283-0238
Schwerpunkt

Einstellungen zur Einführung der psychedelischen Therapie

Qualitative Fokusgruppen-Studie mit Ärzten, Psychotherapeuten und PatientenAttitudes towards the implementation of psychedelic therapyQualitative Study with doctors, psychotherapists, and patients
Nina Hartter
1   MIND Foundation, Berlin
2   Humboldt-Universität Berlin
,
Marvin Däumichen
1   MIND Foundation, Berlin
,
Andrea Jungaberle
1   MIND Foundation, Berlin
4   OVID Health Systems, Berlin
5   OVID Clinic Berlin
,
Christopher Schmidt
1   MIND Foundation, Berlin
,
Max Wolff
1   MIND Foundation, Berlin
7   Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
,
Gerhard Gründer
3   Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Abteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim
4   OVID Health Systems, Berlin
5   OVID Clinic Berlin
6   Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit
,
Henrik Jungaberle
1   MIND Foundation, Berlin
4   OVID Health Systems, Berlin
5   OVID Clinic Berlin
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
    Permissions and Reprints

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

In 11 Fokusgruppeninterviews diskutierten 31 Teilnehmende, gegliedert in die Zielgruppen Ärzte, Psychotherapeuten und (Ex-)Patienten ihre Einstellungen, Wünsche und Bedenken in Bezug auf die mögliche Einführung psychedelischer Therapien in das deutsche Gesundheitssystem. Folgende Themenbereiche wurden besprochen: Risiken und Potenziale psychedelischer Therapien; Erwartungen und Wünsche; Zulassung, Regulation und Zugänglichkeit; therapeutische Begleitung psychedelischer Therapien; Ausbildung zur Durchführung psychedelischer Therapien; Rahmenbedingungen und Durchführung psychedelischer Therapien; Sicherheitsvorkehrungen; vermutete Wirkfaktoren psychedelischer Therapien und Befürchtungen und Bedenken. Die Teilnehmenden äußerten sich größtenteils optimistisch und wünschten sich eine patientennahme und risikominimierende Regulierung psychedelischer Therapien.

ABSTRACT

In 11 focus group interviews, 31 participants, divided into the target groups of doctors, psychotherapists and (ex-)patients, discussed their attitudes, wishes and concerns regarding the possible implementation of psychedelic therapies into the German health care system. The following topics were discussed: Risks and potentials of psychedelic therapy; expectations and wishes; licensing, regulation and accessibility; therapeutic supervision of psychedelic therapy; training for conducting psychedelic therapy; conditions and implementation of psychedelic therapy; safety precautions; presumed effect factors of psychedelic therapy and fears and concerns. The participants were largely optimistic and requested a patient-centred and risk-minimising regulation of psychedelic therapies.

Schlüsselwörter

Psychedelische Therapy - Psilocybin - psilocybinassistierte Therapie - augmentierte Psychotherapie

Key words

Psychedelic therapy - psilocybin - psilocybin-assisted therapy - augmented psychotherapy


Publication History

Article published online:
11 June 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Gründer G, Jungaberle H. The Potential Role of Psychedelic Drugs in Mental Health Care of the Future. Pharmacopsychiatry 2021; 54: 191-199
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 van Amsterdam J, van den Brink W. The therapeutic potential of psilocybin: a systematic review. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2022; 21: 833-840
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Dawood Hristova JJ, Pérez-Jover V. Psychotherapy with Psilocybin for Depression: Systematic Review. Behavioral Sciences 2023; 13: 297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Carhart-Harris R, Giribaldi B, Watts R. et al Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression. New England Journal of Medicine 2021; 384: 1402-1411
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Goldberg SB, Pace BT, Nicholas CR. et al The experimental effects of psilocybin on symptoms of anxiety and depression: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research 2020; 284: 112749
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Garcia-Romeu A, Griffiths R, Johnson M. Psilocybin-Occasioned Mystical Experiences in the Treatment of Tobacco Addiction. Current Drug Abuse Reviews 2014; 07: 157-164
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Smith KW, Sicignano DJ, Hernandez AV. et al MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2022; 62: 463-471
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Mertens LJ, Koslowski M, Betzler F. et al Methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials: Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE) – Rationale and study design. Neuroscience Applied 2022; 01: 100104
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Schmidt C, Wolff M, Gründer G.. et al Einstellungen von Expertinnen und Experten für psychische Gesundheit gegenüber Psilocybin. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2022 DOI: 10.1055/a-1846-1161
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Barnett BS, Siu WO, Pope HG. A Survey of American Psychiatrists’ Attitudes Toward Classic Hallucinogens. J Nerv Ment Dis 2018; 206: 476-480
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Hearn BG, Brubaker MD, Richardson G. Counselors’ attitudes toward psychedelics and their use in therapy. Journal of Counseling & Development 2022; 100: 364-373
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Davis AK, Agin-Liebes G, España M. et al Attitudes and Beliefs about the Therapeutic Use of Psychedelic Drugs among Psychologists in the United States. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 2022; 54: 309-318
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Wolff M.. et al Measuring Psychotherapeutic Processes in the Context of Psychedelic Experiences: Validation of the General Change Mechanisms Questionnaire (GCMQ). Journal of Psychopharmacology akzeptiert
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Corrigan K, Haran M, McCandliss C. et al Psychedelic perceptions: mental health service user attitudes to psilocybin therapy. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 191: 1385-1397
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Page LA, Rehman A, Syed H. et al The Readiness of Psychiatrists to Implement Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12: 743599
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Reynolds LM, Akroyd A, Sundram F. et al Cancer Healthcare Workers’ Perceptions toward Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: A Preliminary Investigation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021; 18: 8160
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Beaussant Y, Sanders J, Sager Z. et al Defining the Roles and Research Priorities for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies in Patients with Serious Illness: Expert Clinicians’ and Investigators’ Perspectives. Journal of Palliative Medicine 2020; 23: 1323-1334
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Goodwin GM, Malievskaia E, Fonzo GA. et al Must Psilocybin Always “Assist Psychotherapy”? AJP. 2023 appi.ajp.20221043
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Gründer G, Brand M, Mertens LJ.. et al Treatment with psychedelics is psychotherapy: beyond reductionism. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2023 DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00363-2
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Zoom Video Communications, Inc. (2023). Zoom (15.16.2) [Software]. Zoom Video Communications https://zoom.us/
  • 21 Adobe Inc. (2023). Adobe Premiere Pro (23.6) [Software]. Adobe Inc https://www.adobe.com/products/premiere.html
  • 22 MAXQDA [Computer software]. (2023). VERBI Software. Retrieved from https://www.maxqda.com/
  • 23 Mayring P.. Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse: Grundlagen und Techniken. Weinheim: Dt. Studien-Verlag; 1997
    Google Scholar
  • 24 Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology 2006; 03: 77-101
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Artin H, Zisook S, Ramanathan D. How do serotonergic psychedelics treat depression: The potential role of neuroplasticity. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11: 201-214
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar