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Synthesis 2025; 57(03): 675-683
DOI: 10.1055/a-2427-5951
DOI: 10.1055/a-2427-5951
paper
Ethylene Glycol Mediated, Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Bis(pyrazolo) pyridines and Their Photophysical Studies
S.R. sincerely thanks SERB, Government of India, New Delhi for financial support under the SERB – Research Scientist Program (Grant No. SB/SRS/2022-23/78/CS) and thanks SASTRA Deemed University for Professor TRR research grant. The authors gratefully acknowledge the DST-FIST grant (SR/FST/CS-I/2018/65) to SCBT and SASTRA Deemed University for the NMR facility. S.S. thanks UGC [30-561/2021(BSR)] for the UV-visible spectrophotometer and SERB start up grant [SRG/2020/001929] for the spectrofluorimeter.
Abstract
A new hetero-annulation procedure for the selective synthesis of bis(pyrazolo)-fused pyridines using pyrazole-5-amines and aryl glyoxal monohydrate is described. This distinct hetero-annulation, carried out under catalyst-free conditions with ethylene glycol as the medium, illustrates a domino reaction that involves the formation of two C–C bonds and one C–N bond. The photophysical properties of the synthesized derivatives were briefly analyzed. The emission spectra of the derivatives exhibited distinct charge transfer peaks, which depends on the structure of the derivatives. The green metrics calculation for the protocol to quantify the waste, reaction efficiency, and sustainability was evaluated.
Supporting Information
- Supporting information for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2427-5951.
- Supporting Information
Publication History
Received: 02 August 2024
Accepted after revision: 30 September 2024
Accepted Manuscript online:
30 September 2024
Article published online:
23 October 2024
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CCDC 2360762 (14e) contains the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. The data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre via http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures. Unit Cell Parameters: