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DOI: 10.1055/a-2500-5687
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Long-term Follow-up of Outer Retinal Microdefects (ORMDs) in Pachychoroid Pigment Epitheliopathy (PPE) and Subsequent Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR): A Report of Two Cases

Langzeitverlauf von Mikrodefekten der äußeren Netzhaut (ORMD) bei Pachychoroid-Pigmentepitheliopathie (PPE) und nachfolgender zentraler seröser Chorioretinopathie (CSCR): ein Bericht über 2 Fälle
Mihaela Chitoroaga 
1   Ophthalmology, Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland
2   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Retina Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Yannic Pannatier Schuetz
2   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Retina Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
3   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Daniela Gallo Castro
1   Ophthalmology, Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland
2   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Retina Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Anna Chiara Nascimbeni
2   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Retina Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
3   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland
,
Aude Ambresin
2   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Retina Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
3   Medical Retina, Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Background

Outer foveal microdefects (OFMDs) are outer retinal abnormalities, typically localized in the foveal or juxtafoveal region [1]. These defects feature focal disruptions in photoreceptor (PR) layers, particularly affecting the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and interdigitation zone (IZ), and may occur alone or with external limiting membrane (ELM) or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) disruptions. OFMDs, also referred to as macular microholes or foveal spots, and are observed in various hereditary, degenerative, traumatic, and toxic chorioretinal diseases [1], [2].

We report two cases with long-term follow-up of both foveal and extrafoveal microdefects, termed outer retinal microdefects (ORMDs), that differ from typical OFMD, associated with pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) and subsequent central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), and demonstrate progressive changes over time.



Publication History

Received: 26 October 2024

Accepted: 09 December 2024

Article published online:
27 February 2025

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