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Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 2014; 08(02): 65-69
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1618838
Übersichtsarbeit
Schattauer GmbH

Wundheilungsstörung bei Adipositas

Incisional surgical site infection in obesity
M. Schmelzle
1   Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Department für operative Medizin, Klinik für Visceral-, Transplantations-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie
,
S. Jonas
1   Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Department für operative Medizin, Klinik für Visceral-, Transplantations-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie
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Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
21 December 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Postoperative Wundinfektionen mit resultierenden Wundheilungsstörungen sind gefürchtete Komplikationen und stellen häufig eine langwierige pflegerische Herausforderung dar. Dies wird zunehmend auch unter krankenhaus-ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten kritisch gesehen. Neben bekannten Risikofaktoren für eine gestörte Wundheilung findet in den letzten Jahren eine ernsthafte inhaltliche Diskussion über die zunehmende Bedeutung der Adipositas-assoziierten Wundheilungsstörung statt. Fachübergreifend werden für dieses Patientengut Risikofaktoren für postoperative Wundinfektionen erarbeitet, die schon Anwendung in ersten Risiko-Scores finden. Zudem gibt es vermehrt Bestrebungen, die Wundinfektionsrate bei adipösen Patienten durch ein verändertes perioperatives Management positiv zu beeinflussen. Nach selektiver Literaturrecherche diskutieren wir aktuelle Bestrebungen in diesen Bereichen.

Summary

Surgical wound infection and subsequent wound dehiscence is a feared complication within the postoperative course of patients with important medical and nursing aspects as well as dramatically increased health-care costs. Many risk factors of delayed wound healing are well known; however, in particular the evolving problem of obesity-related surgical site infections becomes more and more important. Recent literature deals with obesity-related risk factors for postoperatively evident wound infections with resulting scores to evaluate the individual risk of patients before planned interventions. Furthermore, there is an emerging interest in mechanisms involved in wound healing that are modulated in obese patients, with potential therapeutic implications. We here present an overview of the current literature and most intriguing aspects of obesity-associated impaired wound healing.

Schlüsselwörter

Adipositas - Übergewicht - Wundinfektion - Wundheilungsstörung

Keywords

Obesity - wound infection - wound healing - wound dehiscence
 

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