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Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 2014; 08(02): 59-64
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1618840
Übersichtsarbeit 59
Schattauer GmbH

Rolle der Adipositas bei Entstehung und Progression von Parodontitis

Role of obesity in initiation and progression of periodontitis
J. Deschner
1   Experimentelle Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität
,
M. Hagner
2   Zentrum für Umfassende Zahnmedizin, Bonn
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
21. Dezember 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Parodontitis ist eine chronische Erkrankung des Zahnhalteapparates (Parodont), die unbehandelt zu Zahnlockerung und Zahnausfall führen kann. Seit Längerem ist bekannt, dass Parodontitis in einem engen Zusammenhang mit Erkrankungen des Gesamtorganismus, z. B. Diabetes mellitus und kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, steht. Zahlreiche Studien belegen nun, dass Parodontitis auch mit Adipositas assoziiert ist. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, an einer Parodontitis zu erkranken, ist bei Übergewichtigkeit um das 1,3-Fache und bei Adipositas um das 1,8-Fache erhöht, wie eine Metaanalyse kürzlich zeigte. Außerdem scheint Adipositas die parodontale Heilung nach einer Parodontitistherapie negativ zu beeinflussen. Bisher ist noch weitgehend ungeklärt, ob es sich bei der Assoziation zwischen Adipositas und Parodontitis um eine kausale und/oder non-kausale Beziehung handelt. Zahlreiche Pathomechanismen, die dieser Assoziation zugrunde liegen könnten, stehen derzeitig im Fokus der parodontalen Forschung. Aufgrund der komplexen Interaktionen zwischen Parodontitis und Erkrankungen des Gesamtorganismus kommt der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit eine herausragende Bedeutung zu.

Summary

Periodontitis is a chronic disease of the tooth-supporting tissues (periodontium), which can result in increased tooth mobility and tooth loss, if untreated. It is well known, that periodontitis is closely linked to diseases of the whole body, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have provided strong evidence, that periodontitis is also associated with obesity. The risk of having periodontitis is increased by 1.3-fold in overweight and 1.8-fold in obesity, as a recent meta-analysis revealed. Additionally, obesity seems to have a negative impact on the outcome of periodontal therapy. So far, it is not known, if the association is causal and/or non-causal. A major focus of the current periodontal research is on several pathomechanisms, which might explain the observed association. Because of the complex interactions between periodontitis and diseases of the whole body, the interdisciplinary collaboration is of utmost importance.

Schlüsselwörter

Parodontitis - Parodontium - Adipositas - Adipokine

Keywords

Periodontitis - periodontium - obesity - adipokines
 

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