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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2012; 40(01): 55-58
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623620
Short Communication
Schattauer GmbH

Genetic characterization of dogs via chromosomal analysis and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH)[*]

Genetische Charakterisierung von Hunden mittels Chromosomenanalyse und Array-basierter komparativer genomischer Hybridisierung (aCGH)
M. H. Müller
1   Zentrum für Humangenetik, Universität Bremen
,
N. Reimann-Berg
1   Zentrum für Humangenetik, Universität Bremen
2   Klinik für Kleintiere und REBIRTH, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
,
J. Bullerdiek
1   Zentrum für Humangenetik, Universität Bremen
2   Klinik für Kleintiere und REBIRTH, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
,
H. Murua Escobar
2   Klinik für Kleintiere und REBIRTH, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen: 05 September 2011

Akzeptiert nach Revision: 15 November 2011

Publication Date:
05 January 2018 (online)

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Summary

The results of cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic investigations revealed similarities in genetic background and biological behaviour between tumours and genetic diseases of humans and dogs. These findings classify the dog a good and accepted model for human cancers such as osteosarcomas, mammary carcinomas, oral melanomas and others. With the appearance of new studies and advances in canine genome sequencing, the number of known homologies in diseases between these species raised and still is expected to increase. In this context, array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) provides a novel tool to rapidly characterize numerical aberrations in canine tumours or to detect copy number aberrations between different breeds. As it is possible to spot probes covering the whole genome on each chip to discover copy number aberrations of all chromosomes simultaneously, this method is time-saving and cost-effective – considering the relation of costs and the amount of data obtained. Complemented with traditional methods like karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses, the aCGH is able to provide new insights into the underlying causes of canine carcinogenesis.

Zusammenfassung

Die Ergebnisse zytogenetischer und molekularzytogenetischer Untersuchungen zeigen Gemeinsamkeiten bezüglich des genetischen Hintergrunds und biologischen Verhaltens von Tumoren und genetisch bedingten Erkrankungen zwischen Mensch und Hund auf. Diese weisen den Hund als ein gutes und weithin akzeptiertes Tiermodell für humane Neoplasien wie Osteosarkome, Mammakarzinome, orale Melanome und andere Tumoren aus. Mit der Publikation neuer Studien und Fortschritten in der Sequenzierung des kaninen Genoms stieg die Anzahl der beschriebenen homologen Erkrankungen, die beide Spezies betreffen, und wird weiter zunehmen. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Array-basierte komparative genomische Hybridisierung ein neues Werkzeug zur schnellen Charakterisierung von numerischen Aberrationen in kaninen Tumoren sowie zur Detektion von Variationen der Kopienanzahl diverser Gene bei unterschiedlichen Hunderassen. Durch die Möglichkeit, DNA-Sonden, die das ganze kanine Genom abdecken, auf einen einzelnen Chip aufzubringen, eröffnet diese Methode zeitsparende und – im Verhältnis von eingesetzten Kosten zur erhaltenen Datenmenge – kosteneffektive Alternativen. In Ergänzung mit traditionellen Methoden wie Karyotypisierung und FISH ermöglicht die aCGH neue Einsichten in die Hintergründe der kaninen Karzinogenese.

Key words

Chromosomes - tumours - array-based comparative genomic hybridization

Schlüsselwörter

Chromosomen - Tumoren - Array-basierte komparative genomische Hybridisierung

* Dedicated to the 60th birthday of Prof. Dr. Ingo Nolte.


 

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