Minimal-invasive interventionelle Verfahren am Urogenitaltrakt von Hund und Katze

Zusammenfassung

Minimal-invasive interventionelle Verfahren finden in der Kleintiermedizin zunehmend Anwendung. Sie bedienen sich moderner diagnostischer Methoden wie der Fluoroskopie, Sonographie, Endoskopie und Laparoskopie. Insbesondere für die Kleintierurologie sind minimal-invasive Eingriffe attraktiv, da die Therapieoptionen für Erkrankungen des Urogenitaltrakts in der Vergangenheit eher begrenzt bzw. mit relativ hohen Komplikationsraten verbunden waren. Die meisten endourologischen Eingriffe unterliegen einer steilen Lernkurve. Ein entsprechendes Equipment und praktische Ausbildung erlauben ihre Anwendung in der tierärztlichen Praxis. Viele dieser Eingriffe bedürfen allerdings der Überweisung an eine Spezialklinik. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die notwendige technische Ausstattung und die wichtigsten Materialien für die Endourologie sowie über die verschiedenen endourologischen Eingriffe bei Erkrankungen von Niere, Nierenbecken, Harnleiter, Harnblase und Harnröhre bei Hund und Katze.

Summary

Minimally invasive interventional techniques are advancing fast in small animal medicine. These techniques utilize state-of-the-art diagnostic methods, including fluoroscopy, ultrasonography, endoscopy, and laparoscopy. Minimally invasive procedures are particularly attractive in the field of small animal urology because, in the past, treatment options for diseases of the urogenital tract were rather limited or associated with a high rate of complications. Most endourological interventions have a steep learning curve. With the appropriate equipment and practical training some of these procedures can be performed in most veterinary practices. However, most interventions require referral to a specialty clinic. This article summarizes the standard endourological equipment and materials as well as the different endourological interventions performed in dogs and cats with diseases of the kidneys/renal pelves, ureters, or lower urinary tract (urinary bladder and urethra).

Schlüsselwörter

Bypass - Dauerschiene - Endoskopie - interventionelle Radiologie - Katheter - Obstruktion - Striktur

Keywords

Bypass - stent - endoscopy - interventional radiology - catheter - obstruction - stricture

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