Development of ICF Code Selection Tools for Mental Health Care

Summary

Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) has been available as a means of coding life functions but the coding process is cumbersome due to the large number of ICF codes. In the current study, we developed ICF code selection tools to support the coding of activity and participation data recorded in domiciliary mental health care reports.

Methods: We first developed a search system to facilitate the selection of ICF codes by tracking back through codes’ conceptual trees using a directory tool. We performed a morphological analysis on the training data set to correlate nouns with the ICF codes and obtained an analysis corpus to which numerical scores representing the frequencies of associated ICF codes for each noun were assigned. Based on the obtained corpus we developed a full-text search tool, which could simplify ICF coding relative to that performed using the directory tool. We then evaluated the usefulness of the former tool on the test data set.

Results: Using the full-text search tool, correct ICF codes were recorded in the first candidate list for only 54.2% of sentences. However, correct ICF codes appeared on the combined candidate lists for 90.1% of sentences and on the top three candidate lists for 71.7%. In a specific case (General Tasks and Demands), 100% of the correct codes were included on the combined candidate lists.

Conclusion: We developed selection tools that effectively supported ICF coding, although it was impossible to fully automate ICF coding. This indicated that ICF codes could more effectively be applied to mental health care.

Keywords

ICF (International Classification of Functioning - Disability and Health) - coding - mental health - nurses’ record

• References

• 1 WHO. International classification of functioning, disability and health. Last accessed February 21 2010 Available at: http://www.who.int/classifications/icf/wha-en.pdf
• 2 Ustun TB, Chatterji S, Kostansjek N, Bickenbach J. WHO’s ICF and functional status information in health records. Health Care Financ Rev 2003; 24 (03) 77-88.
• 3 Schuntermann MF. The implementation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in Germany: experiences and problems. Int J Rehabil Res 2005; 28 (02) 93-102.
• 4 Soberg HL, Sandvik L, Ostensjo S. Reliability and applicability of the ICF in coding problems, resources and goals of persons with multiple injuries. Disabil Rehabil 2008; 30 (02) 98-106.
• 5 Kukafka R, Bales ME, Burkhardt A, Friedman C. Human and automated coding of rehabilitation discharge summaries according to the international classification of functioning, disability, and health. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006; 13: 508-515.
• 6 Okochi J, Utsunomiya S, Takahashi T. Health measurement using the ICF: test-retest reliability study of ICF codes and qualifiers in geriatric care. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2005; 3: 46.
• 7 Ciompi L. The dynamics of complex biological psychosocial systems. Four fundamental psychobiological mediators in the long-term evolution of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1989; 5: 15-21.
• 8 Miyata H, Tachimori H, Takeshima T. Providing support to psychiatric patients living in the community in Japan: patient needs and care providers perceptions. Int J Ment Health Syst 2008; 2 (01) 5.
• 9 Ikebuchi E, Satoh S, Anzai N. Hat impedes discharge support for persons with schizophrenia in psychiatric hospitals?. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi 2008; 110 (11) 1007-1022.
• 10 Manabe S, Takemura T, Ashida N. et al. Development of the community mental health care support system using computer network. Proc APAMI Conf; 2003 pp 409-412.
• 11 Takemura T, Manabe S, Nishiura N. et al. Development of a Psychiatric Care Information System based on Patient-Centered Concept. Proc APT TELEMEDICINE 2005 pp 171-175.
• 12 Manabe S, Ashida N, Takemura T. et al. ICF-based community mental health care management program. Proc IEEE HealthCom; 2004 pp 110-13.
• 13 Tenorio-Martinez R, del Carmen Lara-Munoz M, Medina-Mora ME. Measurement of problems in activities and participation in patients with anxiety, depression and schizophrenia using the ICF checklist. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2009; 44 (05) 377-384.
• 14 Baron S, Linden M. The role of the “International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, ICF” in the description and classification of mental disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 258 (05) 81-85.
• 15 Baron S. Disorders of functions and disorders of capacity in relation to sick leave in mental disorders. Linden M. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2009; 55 (01) 57-63.
• 16 WHO, ICF training Beginner’s Guide.. Last accessed February 21, 2010. Available at: http://www.who.int/classifications/icf/training/icfbeginnersguide.pdf
• 17 Agger I, Raghuvanshi L, Shabana S, Polatin P, Laursen LK. Testimonial therapy. A pilot project to improve psychological wellbeing among survivors of torture in India. Torture 2009; 19 (03) 204-217.
• 18 Stamm T, Machold K. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in practice in rheumatological care and research. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2007; 19 (02) 184-189.
• 19 Boomsma J, Dingemans CA, Dassen TW. The nursing process in crisis-oriented psychiatric home care. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 1997; 4 (04) 295-301.
• 20 TAI Human Research. Inc.. ICF illustration library. Last accessed February 21, 2010. Available at: http://www.icfillustration.com
• 21 Nara Institute of Science and Technology.. Chasen legacy – an old morphological analyzer. Last accessed February 21 2010 Available at: http://chasen-legacy.sourceforge.jp
• 22 Matsumoto Y, Kitauchi A, Yamashita T, Hirano Y, Matsuda H, Takaoka K, Asahara M. Japanese Morphological Analysis System ChaSen version 2.2.1. Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 2000
• 23 WHO.. ICF Browser. Last accessed February 21 2010 Available at: http://apps.who.int/classifications/icfbrowser/
• 24 Karen SJ. A statistical interpretation of term specificity and its application in retrieval. Journal of Documentation 2004; 60 (05) 493-502.
• 25 Suzuki T, Yokoi H, Fujita S, Takabayashi K. Automatic DPC code selection from electronic medical records: text mining trial of discharge summary. Methods Inf Med 2008; 47 (06) 541-548. Epub Nov 20, 2008.
• 26 Wikipedia.. Japanese grammar:. Last accessed February 21 2010 Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_grammar
• 27 Yamashita T, Matsumoto Y. Language independent morphological analysis. In: Proceedings of the sixth conference on Applied natural language processing table of contents; 2000. pp 232-238.
• 28 Ogawa Y, Mahsut M, Toyama K, Inagaki Y. Derivational grammar approach to morphological analysis of Japanese sentences. Lecture Notes in Computer Science; 1998 pp 424-435.