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Psychiatr Prax 2019; 46(04): 191-199
DOI: 10.1055/a-0806-3568
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Psychische Symptombelastung bei Asylsuchenden in Abhängigkeit vom Aufenthaltsstatus

The Influence of Residence Status on Psychiatric Symptom Load of Asylum Seekers in Germany
Johanna G. Winkler
1   Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus Berlin
,
Eva J. Brandl
1   Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus Berlin
3   Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
,
H. Joachim Bretz
1   Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus Berlin
,
Andreas Heinz
2   Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
,
Meryam Schouler-Ocak
1   Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus Berlin
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
12. Dezember 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Ziele der Studie Untersuchung der Sicht von Asylbewerbern auf rechtliche Situation, Asylverfahren und Lebensbedingungen und deren Einfluss auf psychische Belastungen.

Methode 650 Asylbewerber in Berlin erhielten einen Fragebogen.

Ergebnisse 76,3 % (N = 496) beantworteten den Fragebogen vollständig. Von diesen hatten 74,6 % Symptome einer psychischen Erkrankung, und dies mit signifikantem Zusammenhang zu unsicherem Aufenthaltsstatus. Sehr belastete Personen nahmen Hilfsangebote, integrationsfördernde Maßnahmen und ihre Rechte im Asylverfahren weniger wahr. In unserer Stichprobe befanden sich nur 11,6 % der Asylbewerber mit krankheitswertiger psychischer Symptomatik in psychiatrischer Behandlung.

Schlussfolgerung Die Daten zeigen die hohe Relevanz psychischer Belastungen bei Geflüchteten.

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to assess asylum seekersʼ views on their legal situations, asylum procedures and living conditions, and the relationship of these factors towards psychological stress.

Methods 650 asylum seekers in Berlin received a questionnaire.

Results 76,3 % (N = 496) completed the questionnaires in full. According to psychological test criteria, 74,6 % (N = 370) of these respondents indicated symptoms of mental disorders. There were significant correlations between insecure residency status and these symptoms. Respondents with higher symptom load took less advantage of support, participated less in measures designed to assist integration, and described more difficulties in their hearing. Only 11.6 % out of the asylum seekers with mental Illness indicating symptoms in our sample were under psychiatric treatment.

Conclusion Our data emphazise the high relevance of mental health burden among refugees.

Schlüsselwörter

Geflüchtete/Asylbewerber - psychiatrische Erkrankung - psychosozialer Stress - Asylstatus - Suizidalität

Keywords

refugees/asylum seekers - psychiatric disorder - psychosocial stress - asylum status - suicidality
 

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