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DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399282
Incidence of Bleeding in 8172 Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Intraabdominal Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventions – Results of the Prospective Multicenter DEGUM Interventional Ultrasound Study (PIUS Study)
Blutungskomplikationen bei 8172 sonografisch gesteuerten diagnostischen und therapeutischen intraabdominellen Punktionen – Ergebnisse der prospektiven DEGUM Interventionsstudie (PIUS-Studie)Publication History
13 September 2014
23 February 2015
Publication Date:
14 April 2015 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/ultraschall/201502/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-0034-1399282-1.jpg)
Abstract
Purpose: To analyse the incidence of bleeding after percutaneous ultrasound guided diagnostic and therapeutic intraabdominal interventions in a prospective multicentre study (DEGUM percutaneous interventional ultrasound study).
Materials and Methods: Within a time period of 2 years diagnostic and therapeutic intraabdominal interventions (with the exclusion of ascites paracentesis) performed percutaneously under continuous ultrasound (US) guidance were prospectively assessed using a pseudonymized standardized web site entry form. Number and type of intervention, operator experience, patient characteristics, medication, lab data as well as technical aspects of the procedure and bleeding complications were analysed according to the interventional radiology standards.
Results: 8172 US-guided intraabdominal interventions (liver n = 5903; pancreas n = 501, kidney n = 434, lymph node = 272, biliary system n = 153, spleen n = 63, other abdominal organs and extra-organic targets n = 999) were analysed in 30 hospitals. The majority were diagnostic biopsies including 1780 liver parenchyma, 3400 focal liver lesions and 404 pancreatic lesions. 7525 interventions (92.1 %) were performed in hospitalized patients (mean age 62.6 years). Most operators were highly experienced in US-guided interventions (> 500 interventions prior to the study n = 5729; 70.1 %). Sedation was administered in 1131 patients (13.8 %). Needle diameter was ≥ 1 mm in 7162 punctures (87.9 %) with main focus on core needle biopsies (18 G, n = 4185). Clinically relevant bleeding complications with need of transfusion (0.4 %), surgical bleeding control (0.1 %) and radiological coiling (0.05 %) were very rare. Bleeding complications with fatal outcome occurred in four patients (0.05 %). The frequency of major bleeding complications was significantly higher in patients with an INR > 1.5 (p < 0.001) and patients taking a medication potentially interfering with platelet function or plasmatic coagulation (p < 0.0333).
Conclusion: This prospective multicentre study confirms the broad spectrum of percutaneous US-guided intraabdominal interventions. However diagnostic liver biopsies dominate with the use of core needle biopsies (18 G). Percutaneous US-guided interventions performed by experienced sonographers are associated with a low bleeding risk. Major bleeding complications are very rare. A pre-interventional INR < 1.5 and individual medication risk assessment are recommended.
Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Blutungskomplikationen sonografisch gesteuerter diagnostischer und therapeutischer intraabdomineller Punktionen sollten prospektiv multizentrisch untersucht werden.
Material und Methoden: Innerhalb von 2 Jahren wurden alle Punktionen (mit Ausnahme von Aszitespunktionen), die unter kontinuierlicher Ultraschallsicht perkutan erfolgten, mittels pseudonymisierter webbasierter Eingabemasken erfasst: Anzahl und Art der Interventionen, Untersuchererfahrung, Patientencharakteristika, Medikation, Laborbefunde und Blutungskomplikationen.
Ergebnisse: 8172 Punktionen wurden in 30 Krankenhäusern erfasst (Leber n = 5903; Pankreas n = 501, Nieren n = 434, Lymphknoten = 272, Biliäres System n = 153, Milz n = 63, andere abdominelle Organe and extraorganische Ziele n = 999). Die Mehrzahl der Punktionen waren diagnostische Biopsien (Leberparenchym n = 1780, fokale Leberläsionen n = 3400, Pankreasraumforderungen n = 404). 7525 Interventionen (92,1 %) erfolgten bei stationären Patienten (mittleres Alter 62,56 Jahre) durch erfahrene Untersucher (> 500 Punktionen vor Studienbeginn n = 5729; 70,1 %). 1131 Patienten (13,8 %) erhielten eine Sedierung. 7162 Interventionen (87,9 %) erfolgten mit Nadeln ≥ 1 mm Durchmesser mit dem Schwerpunkt auf 18-Gauge-Nadeln (n = 4185), 989 Punktionen (12,1 %) erfolgten mit Feinnadeln (< 1 mm). Schwere Blutungen waren selten: transfusionsbedürftige Blutungen (0,4 %), operative (0,1 %) und radiologische (0,06 %) Blutstillung, Blutungen mit Todesfolge (0,05 %). Schwere Blutungskomplikationen traten signifikant häufiger bei einer INR > 1,5 auf (p < 0,001) und bei einer Begleitmedikation mit Beeinträchtigung der Thrombozytenaggregration oder der plasmatischen Gerinnung (p < 0,0333).
Schlussfolgerungen: Das Spektrum ultraschallgesteuerter intraabdomineller Punktionen ist breit. Diagnostische Leberbiopsien sind die häufigsten durchgeführten intraabdominellen Punktionen und werden überwiegend mit 18-G-Nadeln durchgeführt. Schwerwiegende Blutungskomplikationen sind bei erfahrenen Untersuchern sehr selten. Die INR sollte präinterventionell < 1,5 sein. Eine Risikobeurteilung des individuellen Blutungsrisikos und der Begleitmedikation des Patienten sollte vor intraabdominellen Punktionen erfolgen.
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