Transition-Metal-Free Catalysis for the Reductive Functionalization of CO2 with Amines
Xiao-Fang Liu
State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 4 Weijin Rd., Tionjin 300071, P. R. of China Email: heln@nankai.edu.cn
,
Xiao-Ya Li
State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 4 Weijin Rd., Tionjin 300071, P. R. of China Email: heln@nankai.edu.cn
,
Chang Qiao
State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 4 Weijin Rd., Tionjin 300071, P. R. of China Email: heln@nankai.edu.cn
State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 4 Weijin Rd., Tionjin 300071, P. R. of China Email: heln@nankai.edu.cn
› Author AffiliationsThis work was financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFA0602900), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21472103, 21421001, 21421062), the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (16JCZDJC39900), and the Ph.D. Candidate Research Innovation Fund of the College of Chemistry Nankai University (020-96172407).
Reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines and a reductant, which combines both reduction of CO2 and C–N bond formation in one pot to produce versatile chemicals and energy-storage materials such as formamides, aminals, and methylamines that are usually derived from petroleum feedstock, would be appealing and promising. Herein, we give a brief review on recent developments in the titled CO2 chemistry by employing transition-metal-free catalysis, which can be catalogued as below according to the diversified energy content of the products, that is formamides, aminals, and methylamines being consistent with 2-, 4-, and 6-electron reduction of CO2, respectively. Notably, hierarchical reduction of CO2 with amines to afford at least two products, for example, formamides and methylamines, could be realized with the same catalyst through tuning the hydrosilane type, reaction temperature, or CO2 pressure. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines are also highlighted.
