PDF herunterladen
Thromb Haemost 2002; 88(05): 773-780
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613301
Review Article
Schattauer GmbH

Rapid-SF: A Rapid Whole-Blood Screen for Soluble Fibrin Monomer[*]

Karen L. Hay
1   School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
,
Brian S. Bull
1   School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received 19. März 2002

Accepted after resubmission 02. Juli 2002

Publikationsdatum:
08. Dezember 2017 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
    Lizenzen und Reprints

Summary

Thrombosis accounts for a high proportion of disability and death in the West. Although soluble fibrin (SF) assays have been shown to be good predictors of thrombosis, current quantitative assays are too complex or lengthy to provide timely results, while simpler methods are qualitative and lack sensitivity. We here describe a rapid, new, protamine-based whole-blood screening method for SF which is quantitative and suitable for point-of-care use. Citrated whole blood is mixed with reagent under controlled conditions and the time until development of an SF precipitate is measured. Negative samples remain precipitate-free for 300 seconds. Strongly positive samples develop precipitate in as little as 10 seconds. SF times are mathematically converted to arbitrary SF units (SFU). This Rapid-SF test provides a simple and reliable means of detecting the presence of SF, and is well-suited for whole-blood rapid screening in the emergency department, operating room or clinic.

Keywords

Disseminated intravascular coagulation - fibrin-analysis - thrombosis diagnosis - soluble fibrin - paracoagulation

* Funded in part by a grant from the Montgomery Street Foundation


 

  • References

  • 1 Bakker CM, Knot EA, Stibbe J, Wilson JH. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in liver cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1992; 15: 330-5.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Ginsberg JS, Siragusa S, Douketis J, Johnston M, Morrat K, Stevens P, Brill-Edwards P, Panju A, Patel A. Evaluation of a soluble fibrin assay in patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1995; 74 (03) 833-6.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Dempfle CE. The use of soluble fibrin in evaluating the acute and chronic hypercoagulable state. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82: 673-83.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Caliezi C, Fhnfsinn N, Mauron T, Baumgartner I, Sulzer I, Ulrich M, Cottier C, Biasiutti FD, Lämmle B, Wuillemin WA. Performance of a new fibrin monomer assay to exclude deep vein thrombosis in symptomatic outpatients. Thromb Haemost 1999; 81: 50-3.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Halvorsen S, Skjønsberg Ruyter R, Godal HC. Comparison of methods for detecting soluble fibrin in plasma. An in vitro study. Thromb Res 1990; 57: 489-97.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Wieding JU, Eisinger G, Køstering H. Determination of soluble fibrin by turbidimetry of its protamine sulfate-induced paracoagulation. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1989; 27: 57-63.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Wieding JU, Hosius C. Determination of soluble fibrin: A comparison of four different methods. Thromb Res 1992; 65: 745-56.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Wada H, Wakita Y, Nakase T, Shimura M, Hiyoyma K, Nagaya S, Deguchi H, Mori Y, Kaneko T, Deguchi K, Fujii J, Shiku H. Increased plasmasoluble fibrin monomer levels in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Am J Hematol 1996; 51: 255-60.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Nieuwenhuizen W, Hoegee-De Nobel E, Laterveer R. A rapid monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the quantitative determination of soluble fibrin in plasma. Thromb Haemost 1992; 68 (03) 273-7.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Bredbacka S, Blombäck M, Wiman B, Pelzer H. Laboratory methods for detecting disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): new aspects. Acta Anaesth Scand 1993; 37: 125-30.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Dempfle CE, Pfitzner SA, Dollman M, Huck K, Stehle G, Heene DL. Comparison of immunological and functional assays for measurement of soluble fibrin. Thromb Haemost 1995; 74 (02) 673-9.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Bos R, Laterveer-Vreeswijk GH, Lockwood D, Szewczyk K, Nieuwenhuizen W. A new enzyme immunoassay for soluble fibrin in plasma, with a high discriminating power for thrombotic disorders. Thromb Haemost 1999; 81: 54-9.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Wada H, Sakuragawa N, Mori Y, Takagi M, Nakasaki T, Shimura M, Hiyoyama K, Nisikawa M, Gabazza EC, Deguchi K, Kazama M, Shiku H. Hemostatic molecular markers before the onset of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Am J Hematol 1999; 60: 273-8.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Bredbacka S, Blombäck M, Wiman B. Soluble fibrin: a predictor for the development and outcome of multiple organ failure. Am J Hematol 1994; 46: 289-94.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Brosstad F, Kierulf P, Godal HC. The fibrin-solubilizing effect of fibrinogen as studied by light scattering. Thromb Res 1979; 14: 705-12.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Usero JL, Burguillo FJ, Izquierdo C, Del-Arco A, Herraez MA. The fibrinogen-fibrin complex: stoichiometry and negative cooperativity. Thromb Res 1985; 39: 379-86.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Siegal S, Castellan Jr NJ. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd edition.. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company; 1988: 137-43.
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Royston P. Approximating the Shapiro-Wilk W test for non-normality. Stat Comput 1992; 02: 117-9.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Siegal S, Castellan Jr NJ. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd edition.. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company; 1988: 144-51.
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Siegal S, Castellan Jr NJ. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd edition.. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company; 1988: 128-37.
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Siegal S, Castellan Jr NJ. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd edition.. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company; 1988: 103-11.
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Siegal S, Castellan Jr NJ. Nonparametric statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd edition.. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company; 1988: 235-44.
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Wiltzius P, Dietler G, Kanzig W, Hofmann V, Haberli A, Straub PW. Fibrin aggregation before sol-gel transition. Biophys J 1982; 38: 123-32.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Brass EP, Forman WB, Edwards RV, Lindan O. Fibrin formation: the role of the fibrinogen-fibrin monomer complex. Thromb Haemost 1976; 31: 36-48.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Horn RG, Hawiger J, Collins RD. Electron Microscopy of fibrin-like precipitate formed during the paracoagulation reaction between soluble fibrin monomer complexes and protamine sulphate. Br J Haematol 1969; 17: 463-6.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Hannaford PC, Owen-Smith V. Using epidemiological data to guide clinical practice: review of studies on cardiovascular disease and use of combined oral contraceptives. BMJ 1998; 316: 984-7.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Cardiovascular disease and steroid hormone contraception: report of a WHO scientific group. WHO Tech Rep Ser. 1998; 877: 1-89.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception. Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: results of international multicentre casecontrol study. Lancet 1995; 346: 1575-82.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Hoibraaten E, Qvigstad E, Arnesen H, Larsen S, Wickstrom E, Sandset PM. Increased risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism during hormone replacement therapy - results of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled estrogen in venous thromboembolism trial (EVTET). Thromb Haemost 2000; 84: 961-7.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Lapostolle F, Surget V, Borron SW, Desmaizières M, Sordelet D, Lapandry C, Cupa M, Adnet F. Severe pulmonary embolism associated with air travel. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 779-83.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar