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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-36173
Chest Sonography in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism: A Comparison with MRI Angiography and Ventilation Perfusion Scintigraphy
Thoraxsonographie in der Lungenemboliediagnostik: ein Vergleich mit MR-Angiographie und LungenszintigraphiePublication History
eingereicht: 16. Oktober 2001
angenommen: 1. Oktober 2002
Publication Date:
03 January 2003 (online)
Abstract
Aim: To compare the diagnostic performance of chest sonography, MRI angiography and ventilation/perfusion intigraphy in pulmonary embolism (PE). Method: In a prospective clinical study, 55 patients (41 women, 14 men, age 23 - 91 years) with clinical signs of PE were investigated within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. The final diagnosis was made by MRI angiography (reference method). Results: PE was diagnosed in a total of 36 patients. Chest sonography revealed rounded or wedge-shaped hypoechoic lesions in 30 patients. On ventilation/perfusion (V/P) scintigraphy, 41 patients had positive V/P scans, but only 23 were of high probability. Chest ultrasound had a positive predictive value of 97 % to diagnose PE. The sensitivity, specificity, the negative predictive value and accuracy were 81 %, 84 %, 84 % and 82 %, respectively. As 18 patients had inconclusive scans, the diagnostic performance of ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy was poor. The positive predictive value, sensitivity and specificity were 58 %, 42 % and 91 %, respectively. Patients in whom PE was excluded mainly suffered from congestive heart failure, bronchopulmonary infections or pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion: A negative sonographic study cannot rule out PE with certainty. However, a chest sonography is of acceptable diagnostic value in patients with suspected PE and may be used as an adjunct or guide to more established methods.
Zusammenfassung
Studienziel: Ermittlung der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der Lungensonographie im Vergleich zur MR-Angiographie und Lungenszintigraphie bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf Pulmonalembolie (PE). Methode: In einer prospektiven Studie wurden 55 Patienten mit klinischem Verdacht auf Lungenembolie innerhalb von 48 Stunden nach Auftreten der Symptome mit den verschiedenen Methoden untersucht. Die endgültige Diagnose einer PE wurde durch die MR-Angiographie (Referenzmethode) gestellt. Ergebnisse: Bei 36 Patienten wurde eine PE diagnostiziert. In der Lungensonographie wurden bei 30 Patienten rundliche oder keilförmige echoarme Läsionen gefunden, während in der Lungenszintigraphie 41 positive Befunde, jedoch nur 23 mit hoher Emboliewahrscheinlichkeit gesehen wurden. Die Lungensonographie wies mit 97 % vs. 91 % eine höhere positive Vorhersagewahrscheinlichkeit gegenüber der Lungenszintigraphie auf. Sensitivität (81 % vs. 58 %), Spezifität (84 % vs. 42 %), negative Vorhersagewahrscheinlichkeit (84 % vs. 57 %) und Treffsicherheit (82 % vs. 53 %) waren aufgrund von 18 inkonklusiven Szintigrammen ebenfalls zugunsten der Lungensonographie. Patienten, bei denen eine PE ausgeschlossen wurde, litten überwiegend an Herzinsuffizienz, bronchopulmonalen Infekten und pulmonaler Hypertonie. Schlussfolgerung: Obwohl mit der Lungensonographie ein sicherer Ausschluss einer PE nicht möglich ist, hat sie eine akzeptable diagnostische Wertigkeit bei Verdacht auf PE. Sie kann zusätzlich oder als Wegweiser für etablierte Methoden eingesetzt werden.
Key words
Pulmonary embolism - diagnosis - sonography - MRI angiography
Schlüsselwörter
Lungenembolie - Diagnose - Ultraschall - MR-Angiografie
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