RSS-Feed abonnieren
Bitte kopieren Sie die angezeigte URL und fügen sie dann in Ihren RSS-Reader ein.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/de/10.1055-s-00000084.xml
Synthesis 2003(14): 2206-2210
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-41066
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-41066
PAPER
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Selective Access to Secondary Amines by a Highly Controlled Reductive Mono-N-Alkylation of Primary Amines
Weitere Informationen
Received
20 May 2003
Publikationsdatum:
24. September 2003 (online)
Publikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
24. September 2003 (online)
Abstract
A selective and direct access to secondary amines is reported by reductive mono-N-alkylation of primary amines in the presence of Ti(i-PrO)4 and NaBH4. Secondary amines are obtained exclusively from a set of carbonyl compounds and primary amines, demonstrating high chemoselectivity toward reductive mono-N-alkylation.
Key Words
mono-N-alkylation - secondary amines - titanium(IV) isopropoxide - sodium borohydride
-
1a
Ghose AK.Viswanadhan VN.Wendoloski JJ. J. Comb. Chem. 1999, 1: 55 -
1b
Henkel T.Brunne RM.Mueller H.Reichel F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38: 643 - 2
Insaf SS.Witiak DT. Synthesis 1999, 435 ; and references therein - See, for example:
-
3a
Swamura M.Ito Y. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92: 857 -
3b
Togni A.Venanzi LM. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33: 497 -
3c
Hoog PD.Gamez P.Driessen WL.Reedijk J. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43: 6783 -
3d
Joensson D.Unden A. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43: 3125 - See, for example:
-
4a
Jensen KJ.Alsina J.Songster MF.Vagner J.Albericio F.Barany G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120: 5441 -
4b
Bhattacharyya S.Fan L.Vo L.Labadie J. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 2000, 3: 117 -
4c
Krueger EB.Hopkins TP.Keaney MT.Walters MA.Boldi AM. J. Comb. Chem. 2002, 4: 229 - 5 For a recent overview on the methods for secondary amine synthesis, see:
Salvatore RN.Yoon CH.Jung KW. Tetrahedron 2001, 57: 7785 -
6a
Gibson MS. In The Chemistry of the Amino GroupPatai S. Wiley-Interscience; London: 1968. Chap. 2. p.45-62 -
6b
Sandler SR.Karo W. Organic Functional Group Preparations 2nd ed., Vol.: Academic Press; New York: 1983. 12-I. p.378-429 -
6c
March J. Advanced Organic Chemistry Wiley; New York: 1992. p.411 -
6d
Marson CM.Hobson AD. In Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations Vol. 2:Katrizky AR.Meth-Cohn O.Rees CW.Ley SV. Elsevier; New York: 1995. p.297-332 - See for example:
-
7a
Phanstiel OIV.Wang QX.Powel DH.Ospina MP.Leeson BA. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64: 803 ; and references cited therein -
7b
Croce PD.La Rosa C.Ritieni A. J. Chem. Res., Synop. 1988, 346 -
7c
Katritzky AR.Drewniak M.Aurrecoechea JM. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1987, 2539 -
7d
Roberts RM.Vogt PJ. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78: 4778 -
8a
Ono Y. Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 68: 367 -
8b
Selva M.Tundo P. In Green Chemistry: Frontiers in Benign Chemical Synthesis and ProcessesAnastas P.Williamson T. Oxford University Press; Oxford: 1998. Chap. 5. p.87-100 - Reductive amination reactions are extensively reviewed, see for example:
-
9a
Emerson WS. Org. React. 1948, 4: 174 -
9b
Moore ML. Org. React. 1949, 5: 301 -
9c
Lane CF. Synthesis 1975, 135 -
9d
Hutchins RO.Natale N. Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 1979, 11: 201 -
9e
Gribble GW.Nutaitis CF. Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 1985, 17: 317 -
9f
Whitesell JK. In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis Vol. 6:Trost BM.Fleming I.Winterfeldt E. Pergamon Press; Oxford: 1991. p.724 -
9g
Hutchins RO.Hutchins MK. In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis Vol. 8:Trost BM.Fleming I. Pergamon Press; Oxford: 1991. p.25 -
9h
Baxter EW.Reitz AB. Org. React. 2002, 59: 1 ; and references 1-17 cited therein -
10a
Smith MB.March J. March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry Wiley; New York: 2001. p.1187 ; and references cited therein -
10b
Abdel-Majid AF.Carson KG.Harris BD.Maryanoff CA.Shah RD. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61: 3849 -
10c
Borch RF.Durst HD. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91: 3996 - For a few recent reports on mono-N-alkylation of primary amines:
-
11a
Cho JH.Kim BM. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43: 1273 -
11b
Pelletier JC.Khan A.Tang Z. Org. Lett. 2002, 4: 4611 -
11c
Salvatore RN.Nagle AS.Jung KW. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67: 674 -
11d
Selva M.Tundo P.Perosa A. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66: 677 -
11e
Salvatore RN.Nagle AS.Schmidt SE.Jung KW. Org. Lett. 1999, 1: 1893 -
11f
Szardenings AK.Burkoth TS.Look GC.Campbell DA. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61: 6720 - For examples, see:
-
12a
Bhattacharyya S. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35: 2401 -
12b
Bhattacharyya S. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60: 4928 -
12c
Bhattacharyya S.Chatterjee A.Williamson JS. Synlett 1995, 1079 -
12d
Neidigh KA.Avery MA.Williamson JS.Bhattacharyya S. J. Chem Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1998, 2527 -
12e
Bhattacharyya S.Neidigh KA.Avery MA.Williamson JS. Synlett 1999, 1781 - In addition to our efforts,12 others have reported the use of Ti(i-PrO)4 in reductive amination reactions:
-
13a
Mattson RJ.Pham KM.Leuck DJ.Cowen KA. J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55: 2552 -
13b Another report using Ti(i-PrO)4 and polymethylhydrosiloxane appeared recently, however, the authors missed all the prior work on Ti(i-PrO)4-mediated reductive amination reactions:
Chandrasekhar S.Reddy CR.Ahmed M. Synlett 2000, 1655 -
14a
Seebach D.Schiess M. Helv. Chim. Acta 1982, 65: 2598 -
14b
Imwinkelried R.Seebach D. Helv. Chim. Acta 1984, 67: 1496 -
14c
Takahashi H.Tsubuki T.Higashiyama K. Synthesis 1988, 238 ; and references therein
References
The work was presented in part, by Kumpaty, H.; Rehr, E. W.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Gonzalez, A. Riege, J. A.; 219th ACS National Meeting; ACS: San Francisco, CA, March 2000; paper CHED-295.