Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate as a Metal-Free, Homogeneous and Strong Lewis Acid Catalyst for Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of α-Aminonitriles and Their Fluorinated Analogues

Abstract

One-pot three-component Strecker reaction of ketones/fluorinated ketones for the preparation of α-aminonitriles/fluorinated α-aminonitriles has been achieved using trimethylsilyl tri­fluoromethanesulfonate [(CH₃)₃SiOSO₂CF₃, TMSOTf)] as a metal-free strong Lewis acid catalyst. These reactions are simple and clean, giving the products in high yield and high purity. α-Aminonitriles and their fluorinated analogues are important classes of compounds, which show interesting pharmaceutical and biological properties. Presence of fluorine atom increases their biological ­activities significantly.

Key words

multicomponent reaction - metal-free organocatalyst - TMSOTf - fluorinated ketones - α-aminonitriles

References and Notes

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19

General Procedure for the Strecker Reaction of Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehyde or ketone (2 mmol)/fluorinated ketone (3 mmol), amine (2 mmol), TMSCN (3 mmol), and TMSOTf (5 mol%) were taken in CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL) in a sealed pressure tube and the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for several hours. Completion of the reaction was monitored by NMR. After completion, the reaction mixture was quenched with H₂O and then extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3 × 15 mL). All the organic layers were collected, washed with brine solution, and dried over anhyd Na₂SO₄. Removal of the solvent under reduced pressure provided the crude products. The crude product was triturated with excess hexanes for several times and removal of the solvents under reduced pressure afforded the Strecker product (α-aminonitriles) in almost analytically pure form (by NMR). The products were characterized by analyzing their spectral data and comparing them with those of the authentic samples (see supporting information, which is available from the authors, and ref. 10).