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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1281648
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Pitfalls of Ultrasonographic Yolk Sac Measurement
Fallstricke in der Ultraschalluntersuchung des DottersacksPublication History
received: 5.9.2010
accepted: 27.6.2011
Publication Date:
29 August 2011 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Die Messung des Dottersacks wurde in jüngeren Studien als neuartiges Screening für fetale Aneuploidien vorgeschlagen. Allerdings wurden in einer Pilotstudie Abweichungen des gemessenen Durchmessers von bis zu 29 % vom Gesamtdurchschnitt beobachtet. Es war daher das Ziel dieser Arbeit, den Einfluss der Bildvergrößerung auf die Dottersackmessung zu untersuchen. Material und Methoden: Vom 3.11.2009 – 28.7.2010 wurden 119 Dottersackmessungen durchgeführt. Während jeder Untersuchung wurde jeder Dottersack einmal in der Standardbildvergrößerung und einmal mit eingeschaltetem Schreibzoom untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Messergebnisse fielen in der Standarddarstellung um 5 % kleiner aus. Das mittlere relative Verhältnis, das mediane relative Verhältnis und die Standardabweichung betrugen jeweils 0,951; 0,95 und 0,103 mm (95 % CI 0,744 – 1,158 mm). Bezogen auf die absoluten Unterschiede ergaben sich für den Mittelwert, den Median und die Standardabweichung entsprechend –0,222; –0,22 und 0,473 mm (95 % CI –1,169 bis + 0,725 mm). In der üblichen Vergrößerung betrug die Standardabweichung 1,142 mm, in der großen Vergrößerung 1,099 mm. Schlussfolgerung: Fünf Kriterien für optimale Bildeinstellungen wurden abgeleitet: Bildvergrößerung während der Ultraschalluntersuchung, optimale Einstellung der Nachverstärkung, angehobener Gammalevel, eine mediane Schnittebene und die Platzierung der Caliper jeweils auf der Außenseite der echogenen Membranen.
Abstract
Purpose: Novel aneuploidy screening has been suggested for measuring the yolk sac during very early pregnancy. However, in a pilot study the measured diameters differed up to 29 % from the overall average. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of image magnification on yolk sac measurement. Materials and Methods: From November 3, 2009 to July 28, 2010, 119 yolk sac measurements were performed. During each examination, each yolk sac was examined once with standard image magnification and once by live scan zoom. Results: The measurement values were 5 % smaller in the standard image. The mean relative ratio (RR), median RR, and standard deviation (SD) were 0.951, 0.950, and 0.103 mm, respectively (95 % CI 0.744 to 1.158 mm). Regarding absolute differences, the mean, median, and standard deviation were –0.222 mm, –0.220 mm, and 0.473 mm, respectively, (95 % CI –1.169 to + 0.725 mm). With standard zoom (magnified images), the SD was 1.142 mm (1.099 mm). Conclusion: Five criteria should be regarded for optimal image settings: image magnification during live scan, optimal gain setting, enhanced gamma level, median section plane, and out-to-out caliper placement.
Key words
yolk sac - ultrasound measurement - image magnification - section plane - measurement error
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