Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00000083.xml
Synlett 2012(2): 208-214
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1290118
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1290118
LETTER
© Georg Thieme Verlag
Stuttgart ˙ New York
Remarkable Switch in the Regiochemistry of the Iodination of Anilines by N-Iodosuccinimide: Synthesis of 1,2-Dichloro-3,4-diiodobenzene
Further Information
Received
2 November 2011
Publication Date:
22 December 2011 (online)
Publication History
Publication Date:
22 December 2011 (online)
Abstract
Direct iodination of anilines by NIS in polar solvents (such as DMSO) affords p-iodinated products with up to >99% regioselectivity. Switching to less polar solvents (such as benzene) in the presence of AcOH inverts this outcome toward dramatically increased or preferential generation of the o-isomers, also with up to >99% regioselectivity. This finding was exploited in the synthesis of 1,2-dichloro-3,4-diiodobenzene.
Key words
aromatic amine - electrophilic substitution - halogenation - regioselectivity - solvent effects
- Supporting Information for this article is available online:
- Supporting Information
- For reviews, see:
-
1a
Podgoršek A.Zupan M.Iskra J. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48: 8424 -
1b
Pravst I.Zupan M.Stavber S. Curr. Org. Chem. 2009, 13: 47 -
1c
Stavber S.Jereb M.Zupan M. Synthesis 2008, 1487 -
1d
Hanson JR. J. Chem. Res. 2006, 277 -
1e
Smith K.El-Hiti GA. Curr. Org. Synth. 2004, 1: 253 -
1f
Merkushev EB. Synthesis 1988, 923 -
1g
Merkushev EB. Russ. Chem. Rev. 1984, 53: 343 -
1h For a monograph, see:
Taylor R. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Wiley; Chichester: 1990. - See, inter alia:
-
2a
Pierre F.Chua PC.O’Brien SE.Siddiqui-Jain A.Bourbon P.Haddach M.Michaux J.Nagasawa J.Schwaebe MK.Stefan E.Vialettes A.Whitten JP.Chen TK.Darjania L.Stansfield R.Anderes K.Bliesath J.Drygin D.Ho C.Omori M.Proffitt C.Streiner N.Trent K.Rice WG.Ryckman DM. J. Med. Chem. 2011, 54: 635 -
2b
Tajik H.Parsa F. Asian J. Chem. 2011, 23: 465 -
2c
Sathiyapriya R. Asian J. Chem. 2011, 23: 41 -
2d
Mbatia HW.Ulloa OA.Kennedy DP.Incarvito CD.Burdette SC. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9: 2987 -
2e
Zhou C.-Y.Li J.Peddibhotla S.Romo D. Org. Lett. 2010, 12: 2104 -
2f
Ganguly NC.Barik SK.Dutta S. Synthesis 2010, 1467 -
2g
Firouzabadi H.Iranpoor N.Kazemi S.Ghaderi A.Garzan A. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2009, 353: 1925 -
2h
Reddy KSK.Narender N.Rohitha CN.Kulkarni SJ. Synth. Commun. 2008, 38: 3894 -
2i
Narender N.Reddy KSK.Mohan KVVK.Kulkarni SJ. Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48: 6124 -
2j
Das B.Krishnaiah M.Venkateswarlu K.Reddy VS. Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48: 81 -
2k
Sathiyapriya R.Karunakaran RJ.
J. Chem. Res. 2006, 575 -
2l
Emmanuvel L.Shukla RK.Sudalai A.Gurunath S.Sivaram S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, 47: 4793 -
2m
Zhang Y.Shibatomi K.Yamamoto H. Synlett 2005, 2837 -
2n
Johnsson R.Meijer A.Ellervik U. Tetrahedron 2005, 61: 11657 -
2o
Chrétien J.-M.Zammattio F.Le Grognec E.Paris M.Cahingt B.Montavon G.Quintard J.-P. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70: 2870 -
2p
Monnereau C.Blart E.Odobel F. Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 46: 5421 -
2q
Iskra J.Stavber S.Zupan M. Synthesis 2004, 1869 -
2r
Lulinski P.Kryska A.Sosnowski M.Skulski L. Synthesis 2004, 441 -
2s
Tajik H.Mohammadpoor-Baltork I.Rasht-Abadi HR. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34: 3579 -
2t
Yang SG.Kim YH. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40: 6051 -
2u
Brunel Y.Rousseau G. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 45: 8217 -
2v
Barluenga J.González JM.García-Martín MA.Campos PJ.Asensio G. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58: 2058 -
2w
Sy W.-W. Synth. Commun. 1992, 22: 3215 - See, inter alia:
-
3a
Schmid M.Waldner B.Schnürch M.Mihovilovic MD.Stanetty P. Tetrahedron 2011, 67: 2895 -
3b
Yoshimura M.Muraoka T.Nakatsuka H.Huang H.Kitamura M. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75: 4315 -
3c
Ganta A.Snowden TS. Synlett 2007, 2227 -
3d
Kalyani D.Dick AR.Anani WQ.Sanford MS. Tetrahedron 2006, 62: 11483 -
3e
Burke BL.Overman LE. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126: 16820 -
4a For
a pertinent report of the effect of added AcOH on the ortho-/para-iodination
ratios in carbazoles, see:
Bonesi SM.Erra-Balsells R. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2001, 38: 77 -
4b For solvent effects on
related brominations, see:
Bartoli S.Cipollone A.Squarcia A.Madami A.Fattori D. Synthesis 2009, 1305 - For a review, see:
-
5a
Miljanić ŠO.Vollhardt KPC. In Carbon-Rich Compounds: From Molecules to MaterialsHaley MM.Tykwinski RR. Wiley-VCH; Weinheim: 2006. p.140 - See also:
-
5b
Dosa PI.Gu Z.Hager D.Karney WL.Vollhardt KPC. Chem. Commun. 2009, 1967 -
5c
Mohler DL.Kumaraswamy S.Stanger A.Vollhardt KPC. Synlett 2006, 2981 -
5d
Miljanić O.Holmes D.Vollhardt KPC. Org. Lett. 2005, 7: 4001 -
5e
Bong DT.-Y.Chan EWL.Diercks R.Dosa PI.Haley MM.Matzger AJ.Miljanić OŠ.Vollhardt KPC.Bond AD.Teat SJ.Stanger A. Org. Lett. 2004, 6: 2249 -
5f
Kumaraswamy S.Jalisatgi SS.Matzger AJ.Miljanić OŠ.Vollhardt KPC. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004, 43: 3711 -
5g
Bruns D.Miura H.Vollhardt KPC.Stanger A. Org. Lett. 2003, 5: 549 -
5h
Han S.Anderson DR.Bond AD.Chu HV.Disch RL.Holmes D.Schulman JM.Teat SJ.Vollhardt KPC.Whitener GD. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41: 3227 -
5i
Han S.Bond AD.Disch RL.Holmes D.Schulman JM.Teat SJ.Vollhardt KPC.Whitener GD. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41: 3223 -
5j
Dosa PI.Whitener GD.Vollhardt KPC.Bond AD.Teat SJ. Org. Lett. 2002, 4: 2075 -
5k
Bong DT.-Y.Gentric L.Holmes D.Matzger AJ.Scherhag F.Vollhardt KPC. Chem. Commun. 2002, 278 - 6
Finger GC.Dickerson DR.Shiley RH. J. Fluorine Chem. 1971/72, 1: 415 - 7
González Gómez JA.Green J.Vollhardt KPC. Synlett 2011, 805 - 9
Ribeiro da Silva MAV.Ferreira AIMCL.Gomes JRB. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2006, 422: 565 - The HOMO coefficients in aniline are larger at the para- than at the ortho-position, see:
-
10a
Eberhardt MK.Chuchani G. J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37: 3649 -
10b For DFT calculations,
see:
Filimonov VD.Krasnokutskaya EA.Poleshchuk OK.Lesina YA.Chaikovskii VK. Russ. Chem. Bull. 2006, 55: 1328 - See, inter alia:
-
11a
Yamamoto T.Toyota K.Morita N. Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51: 1364 -
11b
Badri R.Gorjizadeh M. Chin. Chem. Lett. 2009, 20: 1439 -
11c
Chaikovskii VK.Filimonov VD.Funk AA.Skorokhodov VI.Ogorodnikov VD. Russ. J. Org. Chem. 2007, 43: 1291 -
11d
Chaikovskii VK.Filimonov VD.Skorokhodov VI.Ogorodnikov VD. Russ. J. Org. Chem. 2007, 43: 1278 -
11e
Prakash GKS.Mathew T.Hoole D.Esteves PM.Wang Q.Rasul G.Olah GA. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126: 15770 -
11f
Castanet AS.Colobert F.Broutin P.-E. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43: 5047 -
11g
Bachki A.Foubelo F.Yus M. Tetrahedron 1994, 50: 5139 -
11h
Hubig SM.Jung W.Kochi JK. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59: 6233 -
11i
Shashidhar GVS.Satyanarayana N.Sundaram EV. Indian J. Chem., Sect. A 1987, 26: 333 -
11j
Radhakrishnamurthi PS.Janardhana C. Indian J. Chem., Sect. A 1980, 19: 333 -
11k
Radhakrishnamurthi PS.Janardhana C. Indian J. Chem., Sect. A 1978, 16: 881 -
11l
Goosen A.Taljaard B. J. S. African Chem. Inst. 1975, 28: 196 -
11m
Glover SA.Goosen A.Laue HAH. J. S. African Chem. Inst. 1973, 26: 127 -
11n
Ogata Y.Nakajima K. Tetrahedron 1964, 20: 43 -
12a
Liljenberg M.Brinck T.Herschend B.Rein T.Rockwell G.Svensson M. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75: 4696 ; and references therein - See also:
-
12b
Kustov AV.Bekeneva AV.Antonova OA.Korolev BP. Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 2002, 72: 918 -
12c
Batov DV.Antonova OA.Korolev VP. Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 2001, 71: 689 -
12d
Biswas R.Bagchi B. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100: 4261 -
12e
Nagata I. Thermochim. Acta 1994, 232: 19 -
12f
Yokoyama T.Komaki T.Sato H.Taft RW.Anvia F. J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54: 3938 -
12g
Yokoyama T.Taft RW.Kamlet MJ. Aust. J. Chem. 1983, 36: 701 - 2g:
-
13a
Di Fabio R.Alvaro G.Bertani B.Giacobbe S. Can. J. Chem. 2000, 78: 809 -
13b
Gabriele B.Salerno G.Veltri L.Costa M.Massera C. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 4607 - 14
2g′:
Xu Z.Li Q.Zhang L.Jia Y. J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74: 6859 - 3g:
-
15a
Blaszykowski C.Aktoudianakis E.Bressy C.Alberico D.Lautens M. Org. Lett. 2006, 8: 2043 -
15b
Kosynkin DV.Tour JM. Org. Lett. 2001, 3: 991 -
16a
Valgeirsson J.Nielsen E.Peters D.Mathiesen C.Kristensen AS.Madsen U. J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47: 6948 -
16b
Raffa D.Maggio B.Cascioferro S.Raimondi MV.Daidone G.Plescia S.Schillaci D.Cusimano MG.Titone L.Colomba C.Tolomeo M. Arch. Pharm. 2009, 342: 265 - 17
Shinde AT.Zangade SB.Chavan SB.Vibhute AY.Nalwar YS.Vibhute YB. Synth. Commun. 2010, 40: 3506 - 18
Khansole SV.Junne SB.Sayyed MA.Vibhute YB. Synth. Commun. 2008, 38: 1792 - 19
Junne SB.Vibhute AY.Vibhute YB.Gurav VM. Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res. 2009, 1: 1005 - See, for example:
-
20a
Sosnowski M.Skulski L.Wolowik K. Molecules 2004, 9: 617 -
20b
Hajipour A.Ruoho AE. Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 2002, 34: 647 -
20c
Hajipour A.Arbabian M.Ruoho AE. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67: 8622 -
20d
Sosnowski M.Skulski L. Molecules 2002, 7: 867 -
20e
Mitra SS.Sreekumar K. React. Funct. Polym. 1997, 32: 281 - For recent examples, see, inter alia:
-
21a
Cacchi S.Fabrizi G. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111: PR215 ; DOI: 10.1021/cr100403z -
21b
Mustapha M.Thorat BR.Sawant S.Atram RG.Yamgar R. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 2011, 3: 5 -
21c
Balalaie S.Bararjanian M.Hosseinzadeh S.Rominger F.Bijanzadeh HR.Wolf E. Tetrahedron 2011, 67: 7294 -
21d
Medeiros MR.Schaus SE.Porco JA. Org. Lett. 2011, 13: 4012 -
21e
Xue L.Shi L.Han Y.Xia C.Huynh HV.Li F. Dalton Trans. 2011, 40: 7632 -
21f
Mohamed YAM.Inagaki F.Takahashi R.Mukai C. Tetrahedron 2011, 67: 5133 -
21g
Sun Y.-L.Zhang Y.Cui X.-H.Wang W. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2011, 353: 1174 -
21h
Shi L.Liu X.Zhang H.Jiang Y.Ma D. J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76: 4200 -
21i
Yang F.Zhang J.Wu Y. Tetrahedron 2011, 67: 2969 -
21j
Wang R.-P.Mo S.Lu Y.-Z.Shen Z.-M. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2011, 353: 713 -
21k
Xu Z.Zhang F.Zhang L.Jia Y. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9: 2512 -
21l
Kamisaki H.Nanjo T.Tsukano C.Takemoto Y. Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17: 626 -
21m
Kaname M.Minoura M.Sashida H. Tetrahedron Lett. 2011, 52: 505
References and Notes
The structures of all new compounds (Scifinder) were in accord with their analytical and/or spectroscopic properties; see Supporting Information.