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Semin Neurol 2014; 34(04): 386-394
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390387
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Neurosarcoidosis

Shruti P. Agnihotri
1   Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
,
Tarun Singhal
2   Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
3   Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Barney J. Stern
4   Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
,
Tracey A. Cho
2   Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
5   Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
04 November 2014 (online)

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Abstract

Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic multisystem granulomatous disorder. Neurologic manifestations in sarcoidosis are varied and making a diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis can be difficult as it mimics various other neurologic diseases. Knowledge of the syndromes associated with neurosarcoidosis can help guide the diagnostic evaluation. Definitive diagnosis requires neurologic tissue evidence of noncaseating granuloma, but in practice probable diagnosis is often made through nonneurologic biopsy and a characteristic syndrome and imaging. Treatment remains empiric, but new advances in immunologic therapy hold promise for effective and less-toxic regimens.

Keywords

sarcoidosis - neurologic complications - neurosarcoidosis - cranial neuropathy - aseptic meningitis - granuloma - myelitis

Note

Shruti P. Agnihotri and Tarun Singhal contributed equally to the article.


 

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