Precision Polymer Synthesis via Chemoselective, Stereoselective, and Living/Controlled Polymerization of Polar Divinyl Monomers

Abstract

Post-polymerization modification of polymers carrying reactive side-chain groups has been a successful method to introduce target functionalities into polymer systems, based commonly on atactic amorphous polymers. Effective synthetic methods for obtaining stereoregular functional polymers from polymerization of polar divinyl monomers must achieve not only high chemoselectivity and livingness of the polymerization, but also high stereoregularity of the polymer main-chain backbone, preferably under ambient reaction conditions for a facile manipulation over the spatial orientation of such functional groups. In this account, we review some recent metal-mediated coordination polymerization systems that are simultaneously chemoselective, stereo­selective, and living/controlled for obtaining highly stereoregular and densely functionalized polymers. In addition, we compare such results with those obtained by certain organocatalysts and describe the efforts to post-functionalize the olefin-carrying stereoregular polymers with the efficient thiol-ene ‘click’ reaction.

1 Introduction

2 Metal-Catalyzed Coordination-Addition Polymerization of Polar Divinyl Monomers

3 Organocatalyzed Conjugate-Addition Polymerization of Polar Divinyl Monomers

4 Post-Functionalization of Vinyl-Containing Stereoregular Polymers

5 Conclusions and Outlook

Key words

polymerization - chemoselectivity - stereoselectivity - post-functionalization - methacrylate - catalysts - frustrated Lewis pairs

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