Acyl Chlorides as Dual Source of Carbon Nucleophile and Carbon Monoxide

Key words

palladium catalysis - carboformylation - hydroformylation

Significance

The authors report a palladium-­catalyzed carboformylation of alkynes. Acyl chlorides here serve both as CO source and as a carbon nu­cleophile source. Bulky silane delivers the redu­cing hydride in a timely manner avoiding premature ­reduction of palladium intermediates. A catalytic system is comprised of [Pd(allyl)Cl]₂ and a ligand with an additional hemilabile coordination site (MeO group for TDMPP and second phosphine for BISBI). Interestingly, carbonylation proceeds at high temperature even in an open system.

Comment

Internal alkynes are very good substrates but poor regioselectivities are often observed for unsymmetrical alkynes. Moreover, the reaction is adapted to hydroformylations, hydroacylation and carboacylations with small changes of substrates and ligands. For example, aliphatic acyl chlorides give the hydroformylation and hydroacylation products due to the formation of the Pd–H intermediate via β-hydride elimination. When silyl hydride is replaced with a tributylstanane, the acylation instead of the formylation product is formed.

Publication History

Article published online:
18 March 2021