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Semin Plast Surg 2021; 35(01): 054-062
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726102
Review Article

Failure in Lumbar Spinal Fusion and Current Management Modalities

Alex Cruz
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
,
Alexander E. Ropper
2   Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
,
David S. Xu
2   Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
,
Michael Bohl
3   Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
,
Edward M. Reece
2   Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
4   Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
,
Sebastian J. Winocour
4   Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
,
Edward Buchanan
4   Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
5   Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
,
Geoffrey Kaung
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
› Author Affiliations