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Semin Neurol 2021; 41(05): 588-605
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733788
Review Article

Neurologic Complications in Patients with Cancer

Kathryn B. Holroyd 
1   Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Daniel B. Rubin
2   Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Henrikas Vaitkevicius
3   Marinus Pharmaceuticals Inc, 5 Radnor Corporate Center, Radnor, Pennsylvania
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Abstract

Neurologic symptoms are commonly seen in patients with cancer and can be among the most challenging to diagnose and manage. It is often difficult to determine if new neurologic symptoms are secondary to direct effects of a malignant lesion, systemic complications of disease, paraneoplastic disorders, or side effects of cancer treatment itself. However, early diagnosis and treatment of each of these conditions can improve patients' quality of life and long-term functional outcomes. In this review, we describe a systematic approach to the diagnosis of new neurologic symptoms in patients with known malignancy. We have categorized the neurologic complications of cancer through a mechanistic approach, with an emphasis on ascertaining underlying pathophysiology to guide treatment choice. This review focuses on the acute neurologic complications of cancer that require hospital admission.

Keywords

metastases - paraneoplastic - CAR-T - immunotherapy - neurologic complications

Financial Disclosure

D.B.R. serves on an external advisory board for Celgene.




Publication History

Article published online:
07 October 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

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