Zusammenfassung
Wir berichten von einer 67-jährigen internistisch gesunden Patientin, bei der im Liegen bei normaler Atmung ein konstant retrograder Fluss in der linken V. jugularis mittels Farbduplexsonographie nachgewiesen werden konnte. Dieser konnte durch Lagewechsel im Sitzen in einen Pendelfluss überführt werden mit herzwärts gerichteter inspiratorischer und ansonsten kranial gerichteter Komponente. Eine mediastinale Raumforderung konnte im thorakalen CT ausgeschlossen werden, der venöse Rückstrom über die V. brachiocephalica stellte sich in tiefer Inspiration in der CT-Angiographie unauffällig dar, so dass als Ursache eine in der Literatur wiederholt beschriebene atem- und lageabhängige Kompression der V. brachiocephalica sinistra zwischen Aortenbogen und Sternum angenommen werden muss. Als mögliche klinische Symptome werden in der Literatur vereinzelt morgendliche Kopfschmerzen diskutiert. Um eine verzögerte oder unzureichende Kontrastierung der arteriellen Strombahn zu vermeiden, sollte die intravenöse Kontrastmittelgabe bei CT- oder MR-Angiographien bei diesem Befund nicht am linken Arm erfolgen.
Abstract
This report describes a 67-year-old healthy woman with retrograde flow in the left jugular vein in the supine position during moderate tidal ventilation detected by colour coded duplexsonography. In the upright position, an alternating flow could be found with antegrade direction during inspiration and retrograde flow during expiration. CT scan showed no abnormality in the mediastinum. CT-angiography in full inspiration demonstrated a normal contrast-enhanced left brachiocephalic vein. This finding suggests respiration-dependent compression of the left brachiocephalic vein between the aortic arch and the sternum in the supine position. The clinical relevance for patients with morning headaches is discussed. In cases of this phenomenon it is not advisable to use veins of the left arm for contrast media injection in CT- or MR-angiography.
Schlüsselwörter
V. jugularis - Retrograder Fluss - V. brachiocephalica
Key words
Jugular vein - Retrograde flow - Brachiocephalic vein
Literatur
1
Chen Y W, Yip P K, Jeng J S, Hwang B S, Chang Y C, Lin W H.
Reverse jugular flow in a case of thrombosis of the brachiocephalic vein with an artificial arteriovenous fistula.
Angiology.
1996;
47
699-702
2
Nahum M, Bertoglio C, Ruffo A.
Isolated thrombosis of the left brachiocephalic venous trunk.
Minerva med.
1986;
77
831-838
3
Nishino M, Tanouchi J, Ito T, Tanaka K, Aoyama T, Kitamura M, Nakagawa T, Kato J, Yamada Y.
Echographic detection of latent severe thrombotic stenosis of the superior vena cava and innominate vein in patients with a pacemaker: integrated diagnosis using sonography, pulse Doppler and color flow.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol.
1997;
20
946-952
4
Peart R A, Driedger A A.
Effect of obstructed mediastinal venous return on dynamic brain blood flow studies: Case report.
J Nucl Med.
1975;
16
622-625
5
Miller J S, LeMaire S A, Reardon M J, Coselli J S, Espada R.
Intermittent brachiocephalic vein obstruction secondary to a thymic cyst.
Ann Thorac Surg.
2000;
70
662-663
6
Bryant G P.
Case report: non-malignant cause of brachiocephalic vein compression following treatment for lung cancer.
Br J Radiol.
1995;
68
1028-1030
7
Scholefield J H, Angwin R.
Posterior mediastinal lymphangioma presenting with thoracic inlet compression.
Br J Hosp Med.
1989;
41
183-184
8
Werner W R, Sievers K W, Serdarevic M.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the brachiocephalic vein in sarcoidosis with superior inflow obstruction.
Radiologe.
1988;
28
429-432
9
Bryk D.
Venous compression and obstruction by intrathoracic goiter.
J Can Assoc Radiol.
1974;
25
300-302
10
Daniel T M, Staub E W, Clark D E.
Symptomatic venous compression from a mediastinal cystic lymphangioma.
Chest.
1973;
63
834-835
11
Nomimura T, Takahashi T, Kato Y, Fujisaki S, Iwamoto T.
Mid mediastinal lipoma - a case report.
Nippon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi.
1996;
44
580-584
12
Moes C A, MacDonald C, Mawson J B.
Left innominate vein compression by a brachiocephalic artery anomaly.
Pediatr Cardiol.
1995;
16
291-293
13
Wurtz A, Quandalle P, Lemaitre L, Robert Y.
A superior vena cava syndrome of unusual etiology: compression syndrome of the innominate veins.
Ann Chir.
1990;
44
642-644
14
El-Shahawy M A, Gadallah M F, Teitelbaum G P, Kaptein E, Akmal M.
Compression of the left brachiocephalic vein by the innominate artery resulting in massive arm edema in a hemodialysis patient.
Am J Nephrol.
1992;
12
108-110
15
Gerlis L M, Ho S Y.
Anomalous subaortic position of the brachiocephalic (innominate) vein: a review of published reports and report of three new cases.
Br Heart J.
1989;
61
540-545
16
Lee Y J, Chung T S, Joo J Y, Chien D, Laub G.
Suboptimal contrast-enhanced carotid MR angiography from the left brachiocephalic venous stasis.
J Magn Reson Imaging.
1999;
10
503-509
17
Tanaka T, Uemara K, Takahashi M, Takehara S, Fukaya T, Tokuyama T, Satoh A, Ryu H.
Compression of the brachiocephalic vein: cause of high signal intensity of the left sigmoid sinus and internal jugular vein on MR images.
Radiology.
1993;
188
355-361
18
Bok B, Marsault C, Aubin M L, Bar D, Aboulker J.
Jugular venous reflux in radionuclide angiography: an explanation.
Eur J Nucl Med.
1978;
3
63-65
19
McCarthy J, Solomon N A.
The effects of injection site, age, and body position on cervical venous reflux.
Radiology.
1979;
130
536-537
20
Ratanakorn D, Tesh P E, Tegeler C H.
A new dynamic method for detection of internal jugular valve incompetence using air contrast ultrasonography.
J Neuroimaging.
1999;
9
10-14
21
Brownlow R L, McKinney W M.
Ultrasonic evaluation of jugular venous valve competence.
J Ultrasound Med.
1985;
4
169-172
Dr. C. Walter
Neurologische Klinik · St. Johannes-Hospital
Hospitalstraße 6 - 10 · 58099 Hagen