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DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-870961
Stellenwert der intraoperativen Schnellschnittdiagnostik in der Urologie
Relevance of Intraoperative Frozen Section Diagnostics in Urological SurgeryPublication History
Publication Date:
08 November 2005 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die Schnellschnittdiagnostik (SSD) ist ein zentraler und unverzichtbarer Bestandteil der urologischen Chirurgie. Der Operateur kann hierdurch während des Eingriffs das weitere Prozedere planen, wodurch dem Patienten ein Zweiteingriff erspart wird. Vorraussetzung für eine suffiziente SSD ist die gute Kooperation zwischen Urologen und erfahrenen Pathologen, die ausführliche Information des Pathologen über den Patientenstatus und eine konkrete Fragestellung. Aussagen betreff die Dignität eines tumorsuspekten Gewebes sind für alle urologischen Tumorentitäten mithilfe der SSD zuverlässig zu treffen. Das Gleiche gilt für die Schnittranddiagnostik, die gerade in Bezug auf die Tumorenukleation bei Nierentumoren wichtig ist. Bei der intraoperativen Lymphknotendiagnostik ist die Indikation für eine SSD abhängig vom urologischen Tumor. In Bezug auf das Lymphknotenstaging beim Prostatakarzinom favorisieren einige Autoren den Einsatz von Nomogrammen zur Risikoabschätzung einer lymphonodulären Metastasierung. Die SSD von „Schildwächterlymphknoten” ist vielversprechend und zukunftsweisend, hat aber noch keinen Einzug in die intraoperative Routinediagnostik gefunden.
Abstract
Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis (FSD) plays an important role in urological surgery. The surgeon obtains information on suspicious tissue and can adapt his strategy for the operation, thus sparing the patient from a second intervention. Most important for a successful FSD is close co-operation between the urologist and an experienced pathologist. A very reliable assessment of urological tissues can be made with the help of FSD. The same applies for the margin status of tumours, which is most important for example in renal tumour enucleation to achieve the same oncological result as with a radical tumour nephrectomy. For the diagnosis of lymph nodes the indication for FSD depends on the urological primary lesion. Especially for prostate cancers some authors rather recommend the evaluation of the nodal status according to nomograms. FSD for “sentinel nodes” is promising but has not yet found its way into routine diagnostics.
Schlüsselwörter
Schnellschnitt - urologische Tumoren - Schildwächterlymphknoten - intraoperative Diagnostik
Key words
Frozen section - urological tumours - sentinel node - intraoperative diagnosis
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Markus Giessing, F.E.B.U.
Charité Universitätsklinik für Urologie
Schumanstraße 20-21
10098 Berlin
Phone: 030-450 515052
Fax: 030-450 515915 ·
Email: markus.giessing@charite.de