References and Notes
See, inter alia:
1a
Cherfils J.
Chardin P.
Trends Biochem. Sci.
1999,
24:
306
1b
Takai Y.
Sasaki T.
Matozaki T.
Physiol. Rev.
2001,
81:
153
1c
Marinissen MJ.
Gutkind JS.
Trends Biochem. Sci.
2005,
30:
423
1d
Zeghouf M.
Guibert B.
Zeeh J.-C.
Cherfils J.
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
2005,
33:
1265
1e
Hall A.
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
2005,
33:
891
2
Singleton VL.
Bohonos N.
Ullstrup AJ.
Nature (London)
1958,
181:
1072
See, for example:
3a
Robineau S.
Chabre M.
Antonny B.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
2000,
97:
9913
3b
Renault L.
Guibert B.
Cherfils J.
Nature (London)
2003,
426:
525
3c
Mossessova E.
Corpina RA.
Goldberg J.
Mol. Cell.
2003,
12:
1403
3d
Cherfils J.
Pacaud P.
Med. Sci. (Paris)
2004,
20:
393
3e
Pommier Y.
Cherfils J.
Trends Pharmacol. Sci.
2005,
26:
138
4
Archambaud S.
Aphecetche-Julienne K.
Guingant A.
Synlett
2005,
139
5
Zeeh J.-C.
Zeghouf M.
Grauffel C.
Guibert B.
Martin E.
Dejaegere A.
Cherfils J.
J. Biol. Chem.
2006,
281:
11805
6
Gais HJ.
Bülow G.
Zatorski A.
Jentsch M.
Maidonis P.
Hemmerle H.
J. Org. Chem.
1989,
54:
5115
7
Yoshihisa M.
Yoshiyasu T.
Kazu A.
Chem. Pharm. Bull.
1987,
35:
2266
8
Ballini R.
Bosica G.
Fiorini D.
Righi P.
Synthesis
2002,
681
9 Heating 9 in Ac2O (or in Ac2O with a catalytic amount of DMAP) at reflux failed to give anhydride 6. Failure was also encountered while attempting distillation of 9 in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid. However, 6 could be obtained in low yields when 9 was treated with ClCO2Me and NMM (1.1 equiv each) in THF at 20 °C for 30 min (35%) or with TFA (4 equiv) in dioxane at 75 °C for 2 h (38%).
10a
Bolm C.
Gerlach A.
Dinter CL.
Synlett
1999,
195
10b
Bolm C.
Schiffers I.
Dinter CL.
Gerlach A.
J. Org. Chem.
2000,
65:
6984
11a Deng L, Chen Y, and Tian S.-K. inventors; WO 2001074741.
11b See also: Chen Y.
Tian S.-K.
Deng L.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2000,
122:
9542
12 Enantiomeric ratio was determined by GPC using a Lipodex E column; t
R (the injector and detector temperatures were 220 °C): 74.9 min (major enantiomer) and 76.6 min (minor enantiomer).
13 This reaction was also performed under several other reduction conditions: NaBH(OAc)3 ds (4R) = 90%, 76%; NaBH4, ds (4R) = 95%, 88%; t-(BuO)3AlLiH, ds (4R) = 99%, 87%.
14 Treatment of monoacid 16 and diacid 18 with diazomethane in Et2O afforded the corresponding cis and trans diastereomeric methyldiesters that could be easily differentiated by NMR spectroscopy [cis-isomer, δ = 3.67 (CO2Me), 3.01 (H1, H2) ppm; trans-isomer: δ = 3.70 (CO2Me), 3.39 (H1 or H2), 3.15 (H1 or H2) ppm].
15
Fukuyama T.
Lin S.-C.
Li L.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1990,
112:
7050
16
Evans DA.
Willis MC.
Johnston JN.
Org. Lett.
1999,
1:
865
17
Takai K.
Nitta K.
Utimoto K.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1986,
108:
7408
18
Evans DA.
Black WC.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1993,
115:
4497
19
Preparation of Methyl (1
R
,2
R
,4
S
)-2-[(
E
)-2-Iodovinyl]-4-(methoxymethoxy)cyclopentanecarboxylate (4)To a suspension of anhyd CrCl2 (1 g, 8.1 mmol) in anhyd and thoroughly degassed THF (5.1 mL) were added, under a nitrogen atmosphere, recrystallized CHI3 (1.1 g, 2.8 mmol) and aldehyde-ester 21 (300 mg, 1.4 mmol) dissolved in anhyd and thoroughly degassed dioxane (30 mL). After being stirred at r.t. for 72 h, the resulting brown reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of mixed Celite and neutral alumina. The filter cake was rinsed several times with EtOAc and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by chromatog-raphy on a column of silica gel using EtOAc and PE as eluents (0:10 then 1:9) to afford pure 4 as a colorless oil (414 mg, 1.23 mmol, 88%). The Z/E ratio at the double bond (3:97) was evaluated by 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis from the area ratio of the signals of the vinylic protons. Spectral Data and Specific Rotation
R
f
= 0.5 (silica, EtOAc-PE, 1:9); [α]D
20 -42.4 (c 0.5, CHCl3). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 1.60 (m, 1 H, 1H3), 2.04 (m, 2 H, H5), 2.26 (m, 1 H, H3), 2.80 (m, 2 H, H1, H2), 3.35 (s, 3 H, OMe), 3.68 (s, 3 H, CO2Me), 4.21 (m, 1 H, H4), 4.61 (s, 2 H, OCH2O), 6.10 (d, 1 H, J = 14.4 Hz, CHI), 6.52 (dd, 1 H, J = 14.4, 7.6 Hz, vinyl CH). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 37.0 (C5), 38.8 (C3), 47.7 (C1), 48.2 (C2), 52.0 (CO2CH3), 55.5 (OCH3), 75.7 (CHI), 77.0 (C4), 95.6 (OCH2O), 148.1 (vinyl CH), 175.1 (CO2Me). FT-IR (KBr): 3054, 2949, 1735, 1437, 1206, 1098, 1041 cm-1. MS (ESI+): m/z 309 [MH + MeOH]+; 341 [MH]+; 363 [M + Na]+. HRMS (ESI+): m/z calcd for C11H17IO4Na: 363.0067; found: 363.0069 [M + Na]+.
20
Crystal Data for 25C19H26I2O6, Mr = 604.2, monoclinic, P21, a = 6.2760(4), b = 8.3184(5), c = 22.5860(12) Å, β = 96.918(8), V = 1170.55(12) Å3, Z = 2, ρcalcd = 1.714 g cm-3, µ = 2.72 mm-1, F(000) = 588, colorless needle, 0.60 × 0.11 × 0.05 mm3, 2θ
max = 60°, T = 298 K, 19062 reflections, 5818 unique (98% completeness), R
int = 0.042, 249 parameters, GOF = 1.57, wR2 = 0.0926, R = 0.0351 for 5107 reflections with I > 2σ(I). CCDC 660932 contains the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. These data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif.