DOI: 10.1055/s-00000017

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes

Issue S 02 · Volume 104 · 1996 DOI: 10.1055/s-002-19242

Part I — Symposium and Plenary Lectures

2
Joshi, Rajiv L.; Deltour, Louise; Duvillié, Bertr; Cordonnier, Nathalie; Lamothe, Betty; Bucchini, Danielle; Jami, Jacques: S-2: Mice carrying null mutations in the insulin and insulin receptor genes
3
Accili, Domenico; Cola, Giovanni Di; Young Lee, C.; Cool, Martha H.: S-3: Metabolic abnormalities in mice lacking insulin receptors
4
Goldfine, Ira D.; Maddux, Betty A.; Youngren, Jack F.; Sbraccia, Paolo; Trischitta, Vincenzo; Dohm, G. Lynis: S-4: Insulin receptor inhibitors as a cause of insulin resistance

Part II — Oral Presentations

Obesity and Adipocyte Metabolism

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Hansen, B. C.; Hotta, K.; Bodkin, N.; Ortmeyer, H.; Nicolson, M.: O-1: The leptin-insulin axis: Interactions in the development of obesity and diabetes
8
Houseknecht, Karen L.; Flier, Sarah N.; Frevert, Ernst U.; Frederich, Robert C.; Flier, Jeffrey S.; Kahn, Barbara B.: O-2: Leptin secretion by the adipocyte: Regulation with genetic and dietary obesity and search for an intracellular storage pool
8
Michael Gibbs, E.; Zavadoski, William J.; Genereux, Paul E.; McGill, Paul D.; Lillquist, Jay S.; Etgen, Garret J.; Stevenson, Ralph W.; McCoid, Scott C.: O-3: Skeletal muscle expression of a human GLUTI transgene results in improved glucose homeostasis and weight loss in obese, diabetic (dbldb) mice
9
Echwald, Søren M.; Rasmussen, Susanne B.; Hansen, Lars; Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne; Andersen, Teis; Sørensen, Thorkild I. A.; Pedersen, Oluf B.: O-4: Cloning and mutational analysis of the ob gene in juvenile onset obesity
10
Rahn, Tova; Resjö, Svante; Rönnstrand, Lars; Tornqvist, Hans; Manganiello, Vincent C; Belfrage, Per; Degerman, Eva: O-5: Identification of the site in the cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase phosphorylated in adipocytes in response to insulin and isoproterenol
11
Sun, Yang; Farrell, Craig J.; McCormack, Shana E.; Herron, Lisa M.; Yun, Jeung S.; Lechner, Pamela; Hakimi, Parvin; Hanson, Richard W.; Friedman, Jacob E.: O-6: Induction of PEPCK gene transcription in the genetically obese dbldb mouse occurs through a glucocorticoid response element

Receptor Structure & Function I

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Garofalo, Robert S.; Chen, Chi; Marin, Mireya; Ruan, Yimin; Jack, Joseph: O-7: Drosophila insulin receptor function is required for normal growth
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Dib, Karim; Navé, Barbara; Siddle, Kenneth: O-9: Characterisation of hybrid receptors in human fibroblasts

Receptor Structure & Function II

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Bossenmaier, Birgit; Strack, Volker; Stoyanov, Borislav; Mushack, Joanne; Häring, Hans-Ulrich: O-11: Human insulin receptor (HIR)/IRS-1 interaction: Serines 1177/78/82 contribute to a second domain required for IRS-1 phosphorylation
19
Blakesley, VA; Esposito, D. L.; Scrimgeour, A. G.; Koval, A. P.; Stannard, B. S.; LeRoith, D.: O-12: Roles of the tyrosine residues in the carboxyterminal domain of the IGF-I receptor

Glucose Transport

21
Cheatham, Bentley; Volchuk, Allen; Kahn, C. Ronald; Wang, Lois; Rhodes, Christopher J.; Klip, Amira: O-13: Functional role of synaptobrevins in insulinstimulated translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters
22
Heller-Harrison, R. A.; Morin, M. M.; Guilherme, A.; Czech, M. P.: O-15: Specific targeting of PI 3-kinase to GLUT4 vesicles by insulin
24
Tosh, David; Pryor, Paul R.; Clark, Avril E.; Holman, Geoffrey D.: O-16: Accelerated GLUT4 endocytosis following chronic-insulin treatment of rat adipocytes
25
Tanti, Jean François; Grémeaux, Thierry; Ricort, Jean-Marc; Obberghen, Emmanuel Van; Marchand-Brustel, Yannick Le: O-17: Overexpression of a constitutively active form of Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase is sufficient to Promote GLUT 4 translocation in transfected rat adipose cells
26
Cormont, Mireille; Bortoluzzi, Marie-Noëlle; Gautier, Nadine; Obberghen, Emmanuel Van; Marchand-Brustel, Yannick Le: O-18: Role of the small GTPases Rab4 and Rab5 in insulin-induced glucose transport
29
Morris, Aaron J.; Martin, Stuart S.; Haruta, Tetsuro; Nelson, James G.; Gustafson, Thomas A.; Mueckler, Mike; Rose, David W.; Olefsky, Jerrold M.: O-20: Disruption of the interaction between the insulin receptor and IRS-1 does not impair insulin stimulated GLUT4 translocation
29
Giorgino, Francesco; Laviola, Luigi; Montrone, Carmela; Robertis, Ottilia de; McCowen, Karen; Smith, Robert J.: O-21: The carboxy-terminal domain of the GLUT4 glucose transporter interacts with a novel E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme identified by two-hybrid cloning
33
Hayashi, Hideki; Kishi, Kazuhiro; Kamohara, Seika; Tamaoka, Keisuke; Imanaka, Takanobu; Wang, Lihong; Mitani, Yasumasa; Ohnishi, Tetsuo; Ebina, Yousuke: O-23: Mechanisms of insulin-dependent and insulin-independent GLUT4 translocation

Postreceptor Signalling I

34
Sun, Xiao Jian; Wang, Ling-Mei; Zhang, Yitao; Yenush, Lynne; Glasheen, Erin; Myers, Martin G.; Lane, William S.; Pierce, Jacalyn H.; White, Morris F.: O-25: Purification and cloning of IRS-2 reveals the molecular bases of IRS-proteins in insulin and cytokine signaling
36
Sawka-Verhelle, Dominique; Tartare-Deckert, Sophie; White, Morris F.; Obberghen, Emmanuel Van: O-27: IRS-2 binds to the insulin receptor through its PTB domain and through a newly identified domain comprising amino acids 591 to 786
37
Yenush, Lynne; Myers, Martin G.; Grammer, Timothy C.; Blenis, John; White, Morris F.: O-28: Characterization of IRS-1 molecules containing single SH2-protein binding determinants

Postreceptor Signalling II

44
Koval, A. P.; Blakesley, V. A.; Zick, Y.; LeRoith, D.: O-34: Characterization of the specific interaction of Crk with the IGF-I receptor
45
Ceresa, Brian P.; Pessin, Jeffrey E.: O-35: Insulin-mediated activation of STAT3
46
Kayali, Ayse; Haruta, Tetsuro; Saltiel, Alan; Olefsky, Jerrold; Webster, Nicholas J. G.: O-36: A possible role for phospholipase Cγ in insulin action?
48
Goldstein, Barry J; Zhang, Wei-Ren; Ahmad, Faiyaz; Li, Pei-Ming: O-38: Regulation of insulin receptor function by the LAR protein-tyrosine phosphatase
49
Yamauchi, Keishi; Pessin, Jeffrey E.; Aizawa, Toru; Hashizume, Kiyoshi: O-39: Identification and characterization of SHPTP2-docking tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins
50
Ouwens, D. Margriet; Mikkers, Harald M. M.; van der Zon, Gerard C. M.; Stein-Gerlach, Matthias; Ullrich, Axel; Maassen, J. Antoine: O-40: Phosphotyrosine phosphatase 1D mediates insulin-induced tyrosine dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton
51
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Harada, Shuko; Smith, Robert M.; Smith, Judith A.; White, Morris F.; Jarett, Leonard: O-43: Multiple pathways for insulin-induced egr-1 expression
55
57
Biener, Yael; Feinstein, Revital; Mayak, Michal; Kaburagi, Yasushi; Kadowaki, Takashi; Zick, Yehiel: O-45: Annexin II — a novel element in insulin signal transduction: role of annexin-II phosphorylation in insulin receptor internalization

Transgenic and Gene Knock-out Models

58
Yamauchi, Toshimasa; Tobe, Kazuyuki; Tamemoto, Hiroyuki; Kaburagi, Yasushi; Ueki, Kohjiro; Kadowaki, Takashi: O-46: Insulin signalling and insulin actions in the muscle, adipose tissue and liver of insulin resistant IRS-1 deficient mice

NIDDM and Insulin Resistance

59
Peraldi, Pascal; Hotamisligil, Gökhan S.; Buurman, Wim A.; White, M.; Spiegelman, Bruce M.: O-47: Mechanisms of TNF-α induced insulin resistance
59
Hurel, Stevn; Ofei, Francis; Wells, Ann; Newkirk, José; Sopwith, Mark; Turnbull, Douglas; Taylor, Roy: O-48: TNFα and insulin sensitivity in humans: effects in vivo of antibody blockade in obese NIDDM patients and in vitro upon human cultured myotubes
63
Condorelli, Gerolama; Crescenzi, Elvira; Caiola, Agnese; Andreozzi, Francesco; Tocchetti, Carlo G.; Vigliotta, Giovanni; Tecce, Mario F.; Palumbo, Giuseppe; Beguinot, Francesco: O-51: Overexpression of the MAT-1 oncogene in non-insulin-dependent diabetes

Part III — Posters

Obesity and Adipocyte Metabolism

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Kroder, Gerhild; Kellerer, Monika; Häring, Hans Ulrich: P-1: Effect of leptin on insulin signalling in rat-1 fibroblasts overexpressing HIR
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Bickel, Perry E.; Scherer, Philipp E.; Lodish, Harvey F.: P-4: Identification and cloning of adipocyte-specific secretory proteins

Receptor Structure and Function

68
Meyts, Pierre De; Christoffersen, Claus T.; Ursø, Birgitte; Pierreux, C. E.; Rousseau, Guy G.; Lemaigre, Frederic P.; Shymko, Ronald M.; Tornqvist, Hans: P-5: Insulin dose-response curves and IGF-I cross-reactivity in cells expressing only one receptor type: evidence for different requirements for monovalent versus bivalent insulin binding of metabolic and mitogenic signaling
70
Christoffersen, Claus T.; Larsø, Linda; Meyts, Pierre De; Tornqvist, Hans: P-6: Presence of inactive insulin-like growth factor-I receptors on primary rat adipocytes
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Fußgänger, RD; Jehle, PM; Vetter, E; Saile, B; Kunze, U; Lutz, M; Schleyer, M; Warchol, W; Breitig, D: P-11: Proinsulin: Binding, signal transduction and biological effects
77
Bass, Joseph; Kristensen, Claus; Andersen, Asser S.; Wiberg, Finn C.; Schäffer, Lauge; Kjeldsen, Thomas; Steiner, Donald F.: P-12: Expression, characterization and purification of soluble insulin receptor-immunoglobulin chimeras that retain high-affinity insulin binding
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Wallach, Brenda J.; Kjeldsen, Thomas; Shymko, Ronald M.; Meyts, Pierre De: P-13: The importance of the exon six encoded domain of the IR and IGF-I-R in ligand binding
81
Yakushiji, Fumiatus; Kristensen, Claus; Kjeldsen, Thomas; Andersen, Asser S.; Shymko, Ronald M.; Meyts, Pierre De: P-16: Kinetics and cooperative properties of insulin, IGF-I and a single chain insulin/IGF-I hybrid ligand (ICP) binding to a chimeric insulin/IGF-I receptor
83
Hamer, I.; Paccaud, J.-P; Renfrew-Haft, C.; Taylor, S.; Carpentier, J.-L.: P-19: Dual role of a dileucine-centered motif in the control of insulin receptor internalization
84
Gill, Raj; Meyts, Pierre De; Pitts, Jim; Ursø, Birgitte; Wallach, Brenda; Wollmer, Axel: P-20: Receptor binding of IGF-1 requires a conformational change
86
Fabry, Marlies; Kleinjung, Jens; Thevis, Willi; Engels, Ulrike; Brandenburg, Dietrich: P-21: Studies on insulin and IGF-I receptors with specific probes of the ligands
87
Hodgson, D. R.; Daws, M. R.; Graya, J.; May, F. E. B.; Westley, B. R.: P-22: Conflicting activities of peptide analogues of the C and D domains of IGF-1 (JB-1 and JB-2)
88
Ward, C. W.; Sparrow, L. G.; Gorman, J. J.; Bentley, J. D.; Cosgrove, L.; Frenkel, M. J.; McKern, N. M.: P-23: Characterisation of the disulphide bonds and some oligosaccharide subunits of the human insulin receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells
93
Caruso, M.; Miele, C.; Formisano, P.; Bifulco, G.; Auriccio, R.; Oliva, A.; Oriente, F.; Polese, D.; Beguinot, F.: P-31: In skeletal muscle, expression of IR1152 decreases insulin-stimulated glucose disposal at the pyruvate dehydrogenase level
96
Gardin, Anne; Auzan, Colette; Clauser, Eric; Malherbe, Tatiana; Meuillet, Emmanuelle; Crémel, Gérard; Hubert, Pierre: P-33: Substitution of the glycophorin A transmembrane domain modifies the structure of the insulin receptor and inhibits the action of insulin
101
Ruiz, P.; Martinez, C.; Satrústegui, J.; Carrascosa, J. M.; Andrés, A.: P-37: Role of the C-terminal domain of insulin receptor β-subunit in aging: effects of truncation

Glucose Transport

105
Shepherd, P. R.; Nave, B. T.; Nolte, L.; Rincon, J.; Galuska, D.; Siddle, K.; Zierath, J. R.; Wallberg-Henriksson, H.: P-40: Insulin stimulation of PI 3-kinase and MAP kinase and roles of these in glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle
107
Muñoz, Purificación; Mora, Silvia; Sevilla, Lidia; Kaliman, Perla; Tomàs, Eva; Gumà, Anna; Testar, Xavier; Palacín, Manuel; Zorzano, Antonio: P-42: Characterization of intracellular GLUT4 membrane populations in the muscle fiber. Caveolin does not colocalize with GLUT4 in intracellular membranes
108
Goodyear, Laurie J.; Hirshman, Michael F.; Thorell, Anders; Nygren, Jonas; Horton, Edward S.; Ljungqvist, Olle: P-43: GLUT4 translocation in human skeletal muscle: Responses to insulin infusion and surgical stress
113
Zorzano, Antonio; Thomas, Julia; Muñoz, Purificación; Sevilla, Lidia; Holman, Geoffrey; Palacín, Manuel; Testar, Xavier; Kammermeier, Helmut; Fischer, Yvan: P-46: Insulin-induced recruitment of GLUT4 and GLUT1 glucose carriers in isolated rat cardiac myocytes. Evidence for the existence of different intracellular GLUT4 vesicle populations
114
Dabur, Z.; Armoni, M.; Zlozover, M.; Burvin, R.; Harel, C.; Karnieli, E.: P-47: The effects of thiamine (vitamin B1) on glucose uptake

Postreceptor Signalling

116
118
Taouis, Mohammed; Derouet, Michel; Simon, Jean; Taylor, Simeon I.; Reitman, Marc: P-52: Characterisation of insulin signalling in chicken
122
Perfetti, Riccardo; Lee-Kwon, Whaseon; Montrose-Rafizadeh, Chahrzad; Bernier, Michel: P-55: Activation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase enhances DNA repair
124
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Standaert, Mary L.; Karnam, Purushotham; Bandyopadhyay, Gautam; Galloway, Lamar; Farese, Robert V.: P-59: Insulin-sensitive phospholipid signalling systems and their relation to glucose transport
126
Wertheimer, E.; Tennenbaum, T.; Graham, D. E.; Barth, K.; Yuspa, S. H.; Taylor, S. I.: P-60: The role of the insulin receptor in cellular growth and tumorigenesis
129
Moule, Kelly; Edgell, Nigel; Welsh, Gavin; Foulstone, Emily; Denton, Richard: P-64: Multiple signalling pathways involved in the metabolic actions of insulin in rat epididymal fat cells
132
Ogawa, Wataru; Sakaue, Hiroshi; Takada, Masafumi; Kuroda, Shyoji; Kotani, Ko; Ueno, Hikaru; Kasuga, Masato: P-66: Introduction of dominant negative molecules into 3T3L1 adipocytes using adenovirus vector
133
Berhanu, Paulos; Anderson, Celia; Wood, William M.; Ciaraldi, Theodore P.: P-68: Evidence for mitogenic signaling by the insulin receptor kinase independent of Shc phosphorylation
135
Hayward, A. C.; Beeton, C. A.; Shepherd, P. R.; Siddle, K.: P-69: Stable expression of signalling proteins in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
136
Burnol, A.-F; Perdereau, D.; Kasus-Jacobi, A.; Girard, J.: P-70: Identification of new substrates of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
136
Grunberger, G.; Srinivas, P. R.; Mathews, S. T.; Leon, M. A.; Goustin, A. S.: P-71: α2-HS glycoprotein inhibits insulin-stimulated insulin receptor signaling in vitro and in vivo
138
Seedorf, Klaus; Juhl, Lone; Hansen, Lone; Nielsen, Lene; Mosthaf, Luitgard: P-72: Insulin-induced activation of MAP kinase involves GRB-2, SHPTP2, PI-3 kinase and PLCγ
139
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Wijkander, Jonny; Rahn, Tova; Castan, Isabelle; Stenson-Holst, Lena; Manganiello, Vincent; Belfrage, Per; Degerman, Eva: P-74: Mitogen-activated protein kinase and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase are not involved in the insulin-mediated phosphorylation of cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase
141
Cosgrove, L. J.; Gough, K. H.; Macaulay, S. L.; Rashke, M.; Wan, S. S.; Tribbick, G.; Wang, J.; Ward, C. W.: P-76: Systematic mapping of potential binding sites for SHC and GRB2 SH2-domains on IRS-1 and the receptors for insulin, EGF, EGF, PDGF and FGF
143
Worm, Dorte; Vinten, Jørgen; Stæhr, Peter; Henriksen, Jan Erik; Handberg, Aase; Beck-Nielsen, Henning: P-80: The effect of insulin on phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity in skeletal muscle fractions from NIDDM patients and control subjects
145
Gammeltoft, Steen; Frödin, Morten; Grønborg, Mette; Holm, Ninna R.; Christophersen, Palle; Olesen, Søren P.: S-6: Neurotrophin signaling in developing and differentiating neurons
145
Algenstaedt, Petra; Antonetti, David A.; Ronald Kahn, C.: P-124: Novel interactions of IRS-1 in human skeletal muscle

Gene Expression

146
Barth, S.; Hartmann, M.; Hahn, T.; Cervar, M.; Sesti, G; Kaufmann, P.; Techner, R.; Desoye, G.: P-84: Distribution of insulin receptor isoforms in the trophoblast of first trimester and term human placenta
148
Barth, S.; Klein, W.; Köppel, H.; Petnehazy, T.; Pieber, T.; Friehs, I.; Rigler, B.; Zechner, R.; Gasser, R.: P-86: GLUT4 mRNA expression in human myocardium does not correlate with coronary heart disease
149
Cooper, Denise R.; Chalfant, Charles E.; Watson, James E.; Patel, Niketa; Yamamoto, Mayumi; McLean, Mark; Mischak, Harald; Eichler, Duane: P-88: Insulin-induced changes in alternative splicing of MRNA: A mechanism for enhancing insulin responsiveness
150
Kotzka, J.; Streicher, R.; Siemeister, G.; Knebel, B.; Munck, M.; Krone, W.; Müller-Wieland, D.: P-89: Regulation of the LDL receptor gene by insulin
151
Laurell, Henrik; Grober, Jacques; Lacombe, Thierry; Dauzats, Michèle; Holm, Cecilia; Langin, Dominique: P-90: Exon skipping leads to a catalytically inactive form of hormone-sensitive lipase in human adipose tissue
152
Lighten, A. D.; Hardy, K.; Moore, G. E.; Winston, R. M. L.: P-91: Expression of insulin-like growth factors in the human preimplantation embryo
153
Macaulay, S. L.; Cosgrove, L.; Hewish, D. R.; Gough, K. H.; Jagadish, M.; Frenkel, M. J.; Grusovin, J.; Verkuylen, A.; Fernandez, C. S.; Alafaci, A. M.; MacPherson, S. F.; Stoichevska, V.; Ward, C. W.: P-92: Expression of the synaptic vesicle core protein SNAP-25 in insulin responsive cells

Animal Models

155
Daugaard, Jens R.; Laustsen, Jan L.; Hansen, Birgit Sehested; Richter, Erik A.: P-95: No effect of growth hormone treatment on insulin action in muscle of growth hormone deficient rats
156
Escrivá, F.; Agote, M.; Molero, J. C.; Pascual-Leone, A. M.; Andrés, A.; Satrústegui, J.; Carrascosa, J. M.: P-96: Changes in insulin-dependent glucose uptake by specific tissues of the aged Wistar rat
160
Valérie, Nivet; Jean-Pierre, Clot; Sophie, Ellouk-Achard; Geneviève, Descamps; Bernard, Desbuquois; Dominique, Durand: P-100: Expression of liver protein kinase C (PKC) α is increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats but activity of calcium-dependent PKC is unchanged
161
Schmitz-Peiffer, Carsten; Browne, Carol L.; Oakes, Nicholas D.; Watkinson, Allan; Chisholm, Donald J.; Kraegen, Edward W.; Biden, Trevor J.: P-101: Alterations in the expression and cellular localization of protein kinase C isozymes are associated with insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of the high-fat-fed rat
164
Zakrzewska, Katherine; Cusin, Isabelle; Rohner-Jeanrenaud, Françoise; Shafrir, Eleazar; Jeanrenaud, Bernard: P-103: Metabolic adaptation to a low energy intake in Psammomys (sand rat)
164
Ziv, Ehud; Kalman, Rony; Bar-On, Hanoch; Shafrir, Eleazar: P-104: Potentation of insulin action by vanadyl treatment of diabetic Psammomys obesus

NIDDM and Insulin Resistance

166
Desbois-Mouthon, C.; Magré, J.; Sert-Langeron, C.; Blivet-Van Eggelpoël, M. J.; Besmond, C.; Capeau, J.; Caron, M.: P-105: Altered insulin receptor functions due to different mutations in the insulin receptor gene in four patients with leprechaunism
167
Hansen, Bo F.; Danielsen, Gillian M.; Vissing, Henrik; Goding, James W.; Lundemose, Anker G.: P-106: PC-1 overexpression does not affect insulin action in Chinese hamster ovary cells
171
173
Knebel, B.; Kotzka, J.; Siemeister, G.; Schiller, M.; Kellner, S.; Dreyer, M.; Seemanova, E.; Krone, W.; Müller-Wieland, D.: P-111: Defects of insulin and IGF-I action at postreceptor level in patients with inherited syndromes of insulin resistance
174
Liu, L.; Till, M.; Niggemann, J.; Hauner, H.; Eckel, J.: P-112: TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance in human adipocytes
175
Magré, J.; Vigouroux, C.; Desbois-Mouthon, C.; Hilbert, P.; Fauré, S.; Gedde Dahl, T.; Weissenbach, J.; Capeau, J.; Malderghem, L. Van; Berardinelli-Seip Study Group: P-113: Search for the gene(s) responsible for lipoatrophic diabetes
178
Møller, A. M.; Hansen, T.; Almind, K.; Inoue, H.; Ferrer, J.; Permutt, A.; Urhammer, S. A.; Echwald, S. M.; Hansen, L.; Clausen, J. O.; Pedersen, O.: P-115: Sequence variants in the sulfonylurea receptor gene are associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and with decreased insulin secretion after an intravenous tolbutamide challenge
179
Trischitta, V.; Youngren, J.; Frittitta, L.; Vigneri, R.; Goldfine, I. D.: P-117: Relationship between insulin sensitivity, insulin receptor tyrosine-kinase activity and PC-1 content
181
Vaag, Allan; Populsen, Pernille; Kyvik, Kirsten O.; Beck-Nielsen, Henning: P-119: Etiology of NIDDM: Genetics versus pre- or post natal environments? Results from twin studies